Legitimacy and Policing

合法性的重要性在于，当人们信任法律权威并认为他们有权被服从时，他们更愿意遵守法律权威。这种自愿遵守是对传统的基于威慑的遵守方法的重要补充，并有助于更有效和高效地维持治安。此外，人们日益认识到，鼓励公众与警察合作并支持赋予警察权力的重要性，对于管理犯罪和城市混乱的警务工作取得成功同样至关重要，合法性也鼓励合作和赋予警察权力。因此，合法性是警察等当局的一个关键属性。然而，有证据表明，警察的合法性很低，特别是在少数群体成员中。本研究通过探索合法性的心理来解决这个问题，从而更好地了解是什么维持或破坏了公众对警察的信任和信心。该项目建立在最近完成的对1650名纽约人的不同样本的研究基础上，采访了他们对纽约警察局（NYPD）的看法。这些受访者将被重新联系，并在可能的情况下，在他们初次面试一年后再次面试，以创建一个小组设计。然后，该数据集将用于在两个层面上探索合法性的动态：个人和组织。在个人层面上，专家组的数据将被用于更严格地检验有关法律当局个人经历中合法性动态性质的论点。小组数据还用于更有效地检查影响合法性的心理动态。然而，在这种情况下，这些动态涉及合法性对日常遵守和合作的影响，以及对赋予法律当局权力的意愿的影响。此外，面板数据集将允许更有效地模拟程序正义对合法性的影响。这些分析探讨了合法性在社区居民、警察和法律之间关系的权威动态中的作用。此外，他们还测试了通过基于流程的监管策略来管理这些动态的潜力。因此，本研究既有理论价值，也有政策价值。

The importance of legitimacy lies in the argument that people more willingly comply with legal authorities when they trust them and view them as entitled to be obeyed. This willing compliance is an important supplement to traditional deterrence-based approaches to compliance, and facilitates more effective and efficient policing. Further, the importance of encouraging public cooperation with and support for the empowerment of the police is increasingly being recognized as equally central to the success of policing efforts to manage crime and urban disorder and legitimacy also encourages cooperation and empowerment. Hence, legitimacy is a key attribute for authorities such as the police. However, there is evidence that police legitimacy is low, particularly among minority group members. This research addresses this issue by exploring the psychology of legitimacy to provide a better picture of what sustains or undermines public trust and confidence in the police. The project builds upon a recently completed study of a diverse sample of 1,650 New Yorkers, interview about their views on the New York Police Department (NYPD). These respondents will be recontacted and, where possible, reinterviewed one year after their initial interviews to create a panel design. This dataset will then be used to explore the dynamics of legitimacy on two levels: personal and organizational. On the personal level, the panel data will be used to more rigorously test the arguments about the nature of the dynamics of legitimacy during personal experiences with legal authorities. The panel data also are used to more effectively examine the psychological dynamics influencing legitimacy. In this case, however, those dynamics involve the influence of legitimacy on everyday compliance and cooperation, as well as on the willingness to empower legal authorities. In addition, a panel dataset will allow the influence of procedural justice on legitimacy to be more effectively modeled. These analyses explore the role of legitimacy in the authority dynamics underlying the relationship between community residents, the police, and the law. In addition, they test the potential for managing those dynamics via process-based strategies of regulation. Hence, the study will have both theoretical and policy-related value.