Legitimacy and Policing

合法性和治安

• 批准号: 0240938
• 负责人: Tom Tyler
• 金额: $ 24.99万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-01-15 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0240938&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Legitimacy; Policing

The importance of legitimacy lies in the argument that people more willingly comply with legal authorities when they trust them and view them as entitled to be obeyed. This willing compliance is an important supplement to traditional deterrence-based approaches to compliance, and facilitates more effective and efficient policing. Further, the importance of encouraging public cooperation with and support for the empowerment of the police is increasingly being recognized as equally central to the success of policing efforts to manage crime and urban disorder and legitimacy also encourages cooperation and empowerment. Hence, legitimacy is a key attribute for authorities such as the police. However, there is evidence that police legitimacy is low, particularly among minority group members. This research addresses this issue by exploring the psychology of legitimacy to provide a better picture of what sustains or undermines public trust and confidence in the police. The project builds upon a recently completed study of a diverse sample of 1,650 New Yorkers, interview about their views on the New York Police Department (NYPD). These respondents will be recontacted and, where possible, reinterviewed one year after their initial interviews to create a panel design. This dataset will then be used to explore the dynamics of legitimacy on two levels: personal and organizational. On the personal level, the panel data will be used to more rigorously test the arguments about the nature of the dynamics of legitimacy during personal experiences with legal authorities. The panel data also are used to more effectively examine the psychological dynamics influencing legitimacy. In this case, however, those dynamics involve the influence of legitimacy on everyday compliance and cooperation, as well as on the willingness to empower legal authorities. In addition, a panel dataset will allow the influence of procedural justice on legitimacy to be more effectively modeled. These analyses explore the role of legitimacy in the authority dynamics underlying the relationship between community residents, the police, and the law. In addition, they test the potential for managing those dynamics via process-based strategies of regulation. Hence, the study will have both theoretical and policy-related value.

合法性的重要性在于这样一种观点，即当人们信任法律当局并认为他们有权被服从时，他们更愿意服从法律当局。这种自愿遵守是对以威慑为基础的传统遵守办法的重要补充，有助于更有效和高效地维持治安。此外，越来越多的人认识到，鼓励公众与警察合作并支持警察赋权的重要性，对于管理犯罪和城市无序的警务工作的成功同样至关重要，合法性也鼓励合作和赋权。因此，合法性是警察等当局的一个关键属性。然而，有证据表明，警察的合法性很低，特别是在少数群体成员中。这项研究通过探索合法性心理学来解决这个问题，以更好地了解是什么维持或破坏了公众对警察的信任和信心。该项目基于最近完成的一项对1650名纽约人的不同样本的研究，采访了他们对纽约警察局(NYPD)的看法。这些受访者将被重新联系，并在可能的情况下，在最初采访一年后重新接受采访，以创建面板设计。这个数据集将被用来探索合法性在两个层面上的动态：个人层面和组织层面。在个人层面上，专家小组的数据将被用来更严格地检验在与法律当局的个人经历中关于合法性动态性质的论点。小组数据还被用来更有效地检验影响合法性的心理动态。然而，在这种情况下，这些动态涉及合法性对日常遵守和合作的影响，以及对赋予法律当局权力的意愿的影响。此外，小组数据集将允许更有效地模拟程序正义对合法性的影响。这些分析探讨了合法性在社区居民、警察和法律之间的关系中的权威动态中的作用。此外，他们还测试了通过基于流程的监管战略来管理这些动态的潜力。因此，本研究具有一定的理论价值和政策参考价值。