Escaping Distressed Neighborhoods

本研究旨在研究美国大都市地区贫困社区居民流动性的模式和决定因素。 它关注的是理解流动性的种族差异，特别是个人，家庭和社会环境的特点，使一些少数群体成员离开贫困的社区更理想的。 来自收入动态的地理编码匹配文件和人口普查提取数据集的小组研究的数据将用于选择具有全国代表性的家庭和个人样本，并测试三个住宅流动性的理论模型。 人力资本/生命阶段模型认为，居住流动是社会和职业流动以及生命周期变化的伴随。 地点模式侧重于流动的障碍，特别是种族歧视造成的障碍。 住房可得性模型将移动与可得性以及租赁或所有权的限制联系起来。 %%% 这项研究应该通过考虑到可能影响位于贫困社区的个人和家庭移动的所有相关变量，来建立大都市内部移动的新模型。 通过明确模拟种族歧视对住房搜索和地点选择的影响，它将全面审查住房流动的障碍和机会。 研究结果应该是将概率附加到人力资本与邻里、家庭、贫困和劣势之间的联系上。 研究结果对关心这些问题的政策制定者以及寻找更全面理论的社会科学家应该是有用的。

This research is designed to study patterns and determinants of residential mobility out of distressed neighborhoods in U.S. metropolitan areas. It is concerned with understanding racial differences in mobility, in particular, the characteristics of individuals, families, and social contexts that allow some minority group members to leave poor neighborhoods for more desirable ones. Data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics' Geocode-Match Files and Census Extract Datasets will be used to select a nationally representative sample of families and individuals and to test three theoretical models of residential mobility. The human capital/life stage model argues that residential mobility is a concomitant of social and occupational mobility and of life cycle changes. The place model focuses on barriers to mobility, especially those caused by racial discrimination. The housing availability model relates moving to availability and to the constraints of renting or ownership. %%% This research should contri`ute to new models of intrametropolitan mobility by taking into account the full range of relevant variables that can affect moving by individuals and families located in distressed neighborhoods. By explicitly modeling the effects of racial discrimination on housing search and location choice it will provide a comprehensive examination of barriers against and opportunities for residential mobility. The research should result in attaching probabilities to the links between human capital and neighborhoods, family, poverty, and disadvantage. Findings should be useful to policy makers concerned with these issues as well as to social scientists looking for more comprehensive theories.