Chaos and Collectivity in Nuclei

9512831 Zlevinsky拟议的研究旨在澄清集体现象和量子混沌中的关键问题。量子混沌动力学是物理学许多分支中的普遍现象。在模型研究中积累的知识必须应用于现实的量子系统。原子、分子和无序固体的物理学已经迈出了第一步。核结构和反应给出了一个具有强相互作用的量子多体系统的一般例子，在这个例子中，我们可以在理解量子混沌和核物理的具体问题方面取得进展。其应用包括：核中混沌的开始；“一体”和“多体”混沌的共同特征和区别；规则动力学和混沌动力学的共存和复杂相互作用；集体运动的衰减；没有外部热浴的封闭介观系统中的相变、热化和退相干；混沌动力学和集体在有限寿命开放系统和松散束缚核中的作用；增强化合物态中的弱相互作用。还应探索在其他系统中的应用，包括随机介子场和物理真空的结构。

9512831 Zelevinsky The proposed research is aimed at clarification of key problems in collective phenomena and quantum chaos. Quantum chaotic dynamics is a common phenomenon in many branches of physics. The knowledge accumulated in the model studies has to be applied to realistic quantum systems. The first steps are already carried out in physics of atoms, molecules and disordered solids. Nuclear structure and reactions give a generic example of a quantum many-body system with strong interaction where we can make progress both in understanding quantum chaos and in specific problems of nuclear physics. The applications include onset of chaos in nuclei; common features and differences between "one-body" and "many- body" chaos; coexistence and complex interplay of regular and chaotic dynamics; damping of collective motion; phase transitions, thermalization and decoherence in a closed mesoscopic system with no external heat bath; chaotic dynamics and collectively in an open system with finite lifetime and in loosely bound nuclei; enhancement of weak interactions in compound states. Application to other systems including random meson fields and the structure of physical vacuum also should be explored.