Chaos and Collectivity in Nuclei

小行星9512831 这项研究旨在澄清集体现象和量子混沌中的关键问题。 量子混沌动力学是物理学许多分支中普遍存在的现象。 在模型研究中积累的知识必须应用于现实的量子系统。 原子、分子和无序固体物理学已经迈出了第一步。 核结构和反应给出了一个具有强相互作用的量子多体系统的一般例子，我们可以在理解量子混沌和核物理的具体问题方面取得进展。 这些应用包括：原子核中混沌的开始;“一体”混沌与“多体”混沌的共同特征和区别;规则动力学与混沌动力学的共存和复杂的相互作用;集体运动的阻尼;没有外部热浴的封闭介观系统中的相变、热化和退相干;混沌动力学和集体在一个开放的系统与有限的寿命和松散的约束核;增强弱相互作用的复合状态。 对其他系统的应用，包括随机介子场和物理真空的结构也应该进行探索。

9512831 Zelevinsky The proposed research is aimed at clarification of key problems in collective phenomena and quantum chaos. Quantum chaotic dynamics is a common phenomenon in many branches of physics. The knowledge accumulated in the model studies has to be applied to realistic quantum systems. The first steps are already carried out in physics of atoms, molecules and disordered solids. Nuclear structure and reactions give a generic example of a quantum many-body system with strong interaction where we can make progress both in understanding quantum chaos and in specific problems of nuclear physics. The applications include onset of chaos in nuclei; common features and differences between "one-body" and "many- body" chaos; coexistence and complex interplay of regular and chaotic dynamics; damping of collective motion; phase transitions, thermalization and decoherence in a closed mesoscopic system with no external heat bath; chaotic dynamics and collectively in an open system with finite lifetime and in loosely bound nuclei; enhancement of weak interactions in compound states. Application to other systems including random meson fields and the structure of physical vacuum also should be explored.