Evolutionary Process in Fungal Mating-Type Genes

真菌交配型基因的进化过程

• 批准号: 9514008
• 负责人: Georgiana May
• 金额: $ 17万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-04-01 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9514008&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evolutionary; Process; Fungal; Mating; Type

9514008 MAY Fungi are one of the most diverse groups of organisms on earth yet little is known about the processes that generate and maintain this diversity. Moreover, the genetic diversity of fungi allows them to evolve new pathogenic types quickly in response to advances in crop breeding and medical practices. In this project, the reproductive biology of Coprinus cinereus is studied to determine the evolutionary forces acting on one important gene, which controls mating compatibility. Unlike animals with just two compatible types, C. cinereus has many and any two types are compatible. The diversity of mating-type genes along with their extreme levels of DNA sequence variation make them an excellent system for understanding the evolutionary forces acting on protein-coding genes. The observed patterns of sequence diversity will be compared with those predicted by theoretical models. The results will shed light on the maintenance of genetic diversity in many important highly variable genes such as mating compatibility genes in plants and histocompatibility genes in animals.

9514008 MAY 真菌是地球上最多样化的生物体之一，但人们对产生和维持这种多样性的过程知之甚少。 此外，真菌的遗传多样性使它们能够快速进化出新的致病类型，以响应作物育种和医学实践的进步。 在该项目中，研究了灰盖鬼伞的生殖生物学，以确定作用于控制交配相容性的一个重要基因的进化力量。 与只有两种相容类型的动物不同，C. cinereus 有多种类型，并且任何两种类型都是相容的。 交配型基因的多样性及其极端水平的 DNA 序列变异使它们成为了解作用于蛋白质编码基因的进化力量的优秀系统。 观察到的序列多样性模式将与理论模型预测的模式进行比较。 这些结果将揭示许多重要的高度可变基因的遗传多样性的维持，例如植物中的交配相容性基因和动物中的组织相容性基因。