Generalizability & Mediation of the Videotaped-Confession Bias

普遍性

• 批准号: 9514966
• 负责人: G. Daniel Lassiter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-07-01 至 1999-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9514966&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Generalizability; & Mediation; Videotaped; Confession

9514966 Lassiter Within the criminal justice system, there is a growing trend toward utilizing videotape technology to record and to present confession evidence. However, despite the seeming objectivity associated with the making and subsequent evaluation of a videotaped interrogation and confession, the literature on salience effects in causal attribution suggests that certain aspects of this process could inadvertently bias or prejudice judgments of voluntariness and guilt. Consistent with this literature, our preliminary studies show that, relative to other confession-presentation formats (e. g., audiotapes and transcripts), videotapes that are recorded with the focus on the confessor tend to produce judgments of greater voluntariness and guilt. These findings have important legal implications. This research will build on our preliminary results in two ways. The first line of investigation will focus on determining whether the previously observed videotaped-confession bias can be eliminated or attenuated by certain standard criminal justice practices or by other factors that would likely come into play in real courts of law. The second line of investigation will focus on identifying the process or processes that underlie or mediate the videotaped-confession bias. The proposed research has considerable theoretical and applied significance because only when the limits of the videotaped-confession bias are clearly established and an adequate explanation for its occurrence is identified can appropriate decisions be made as to how to utilize videotaped confessions to the best benefit of the criminal justice system. %%%% Within the criminal justice system, there is a growing trend toward utilizing videotape technology to record and to present confession evidence. However, despite the seeming objectivity associated with the making and subsequent evaluation of a videotaped interrogation and confession, the literature on salience effects in causal attribution suggests that certain aspects of this process could inadvertently bias or prejudice judgments of voluntariness and guilt. Consistent with this literature, our preliminary studies show that, relative to other confession-presentation formats (e. g., audiotapes and transcripts), videotapes that are recorded with the focus on the confessor tend to produce judgments of greater voluntariness and guilt. These findings have important legal implications. This research will build on our preliminary results in two ways. The first line of investigation will focus on determining whether the previously observed videotaped-confession bias can be eliminated or attenuated by certain standard criminal justice practices or by other factors that would likely come into play in real courts of law. The second line of investigation will focus on identifying the process or processes that underlie or mediate the videotaped-confession bias. The proposed research has considerable theoretical and applied significance because only when the limits of the videotaped-confession bias are clearly established and an adequate explanation for its occurrence is identified can appropriate decisions be made as to how to utilize videotaped confessions to the best benefit of the criminal justice system.

9514966 Lassiter在刑事司法系统中，利用录像带技术记录和提供供词证据的趋势越来越明显。然而，尽管看起来客观性与制作和随后的评估录像的审讯和供词，在因果归因中的显着性效应的文献表明，这一过程的某些方面可能会无意中偏见或偏见的非自愿性和有罪的判断。与此文献一致，我们的初步研究表明，相对于其他忏悔陈述格式（e。例如，在一个实施例中，录音带和文字记录），录像带记录的重点是忏悔往往产生更大的非自愿性和内疚的判断。这些发现具有重要的法律的意义。这项研究将以两种方式建立在我们的初步结果之上。第一条调查线将集中于确定是否可以通过某些标准的刑事司法实践或其他可能在真实的法庭上发挥作用的因素来消除或削弱以前观察到的录像供词偏见。第二条调查线将集中于确定过程或过程的基础或调解录像供词偏见。本研究具有重要的理论和应用意义，因为只有明确录像口供偏见的限度，并对其发生作出充分的解释，才能就如何利用录像口供以最大限度地造福刑事司法系统作出适当的决定。在刑事司法系统内，利用录像带技术记录和提供供词证据的趋势越来越明显。然而，尽管看起来客观性与制作和随后的评估录像的审讯和供词，在因果归因中的显着性效应的文献表明，这一过程的某些方面可能会无意中偏见或偏见的非自愿性和有罪的判断。与此文献一致，我们的初步研究表明，相对于其他忏悔陈述格式（e。例如，在一个实施例中，录音带和文字记录），录像带记录的重点是忏悔往往产生更大的非自愿性和内疚的判断。这些发现具有重要的法律的意义。这项研究将以两种方式建立在我们的初步结果之上。第一条调查线将集中于确定是否可以通过某些标准的刑事司法实践或其他可能在真实的法庭上发挥作用的因素来消除或削弱以前观察到的录像供词偏见。第二条调查线将集中于确定过程或过程的基础或调解录像供词偏见。本研究具有重要的理论和应用意义，因为只有明确录像口供偏见的限度，并对其发生作出充分的解释，才能就如何利用录像口供以最大限度地造福刑事司法系统作出适当的决定。