Generalizability & Mediation of the Videotaped-Confession Bias

[9514966 .拉斯特]在刑事司法系统中，利用录像带技术记录和提供供词证据的趋势日益增长。然而，尽管对录像审讯和供词的制作和随后的评估似乎是客观的，但关于因果归因中显著效应的文献表明，这一过程的某些方面可能会无意中对自愿和有罪的判断产生偏见或偏见。与这些文献一致的是，我们的初步研究表明，相对于其他忏悔呈现形式（如录音带和笔录），专注于忏悔者的录像带往往会产生更大的自愿性和内疚感的判断。这些发现具有重要的法律意义。这项研究将在两个方面以我们的初步结果为基础。调查的第一步将侧重于确定是否可以通过某些标准的刑事司法惯例或其他可能在实际法庭上发挥作用的因素来消除或减轻先前观察到的录像供词偏见。调查的第二条线将集中在确定过程或过程的基础或调解录像忏悔的偏见。本文的研究具有重要的理论和应用意义，因为只有明确了认罪录像偏见的限度，并对其发生的原因进行了充分的解释，才能就如何利用认罪录像使刑事司法系统获得最大利益作出适当的决定。%%%%在刑事司法系统中，越来越多的趋势是利用录像带技术来记录和提供供词证据。然而，尽管对录像审讯和供词的制作和随后的评估似乎是客观的，但关于因果归因中显著效应的文献表明，这一过程的某些方面可能会无意中对自愿和有罪的判断产生偏见或偏见。与这些文献一致的是，我们的初步研究表明，相对于其他忏悔呈现形式（如录音带和笔录），专注于忏悔者的录像带往往会产生更大的自愿性和内疚感的判断。这些发现具有重要的法律意义。这项研究将在两个方面以我们的初步结果为基础。调查的第一步将侧重于确定是否可以通过某些标准的刑事司法惯例或其他可能在实际法庭上发挥作用的因素来消除或减轻先前观察到的录像供词偏见。调查的第二条线将集中在确定过程或过程的基础或调解录像忏悔的偏见。本文的研究具有重要的理论和应用意义，因为只有明确了认罪录像偏见的限度，并对其发生的原因进行了充分的解释，才能就如何利用认罪录像使刑事司法系统获得最大利益作出适当的决定。

9514966 Lassiter Within the criminal justice system, there is a growing trend toward utilizing videotape technology to record and to present confession evidence. However, despite the seeming objectivity associated with the making and subsequent evaluation of a videotaped interrogation and confession, the literature on salience effects in causal attribution suggests that certain aspects of this process could inadvertently bias or prejudice judgments of voluntariness and guilt. Consistent with this literature, our preliminary studies show that, relative to other confession-presentation formats (e. g., audiotapes and transcripts), videotapes that are recorded with the focus on the confessor tend to produce judgments of greater voluntariness and guilt. These findings have important legal implications. This research will build on our preliminary results in two ways. The first line of investigation will focus on determining whether the previously observed videotaped-confession bias can be eliminated or attenuated by certain standard criminal justice practices or by other factors that would likely come into play in real courts of law. The second line of investigation will focus on identifying the process or processes that underlie or mediate the videotaped-confession bias. The proposed research has considerable theoretical and applied significance because only when the limits of the videotaped-confession bias are clearly established and an adequate explanation for its occurrence is identified can appropriate decisions be made as to how to utilize videotaped confessions to the best benefit of the criminal justice system. %%%% Within the criminal justice system, there is a growing trend toward utilizing videotape technology to record and to present confession evidence. However, despite the seeming objectivity associated with the making and subsequent evaluation of a videotaped interrogation and confession, the literature on salience effects in causal attribution suggests that certain aspects of this process could inadvertently bias or prejudice judgments of voluntariness and guilt. Consistent with this literature, our preliminary studies show that, relative to other confession-presentation formats (e. g., audiotapes and transcripts), videotapes that are recorded with the focus on the confessor tend to produce judgments of greater voluntariness and guilt. These findings have important legal implications. This research will build on our preliminary results in two ways. The first line of investigation will focus on determining whether the previously observed videotaped-confession bias can be eliminated or attenuated by certain standard criminal justice practices or by other factors that would likely come into play in real courts of law. The second line of investigation will focus on identifying the process or processes that underlie or mediate the videotaped-confession bias. The proposed research has considerable theoretical and applied significance because only when the limits of the videotaped-confession bias are clearly established and an adequate explanation for its occurrence is identified can appropriate decisions be made as to how to utilize videotaped confessions to the best benefit of the criminal justice system.