Judging Murder Trials

审判谋杀案

• 批准号: 9515482
• 负责人: Austin Sarat
• 金额: $ 1.3万
• 依托单位: Amherst College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-04-15 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9515482&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Judging; Murder; Trials

Sarat 9515482 This study draws upon the empirical research about judicial behavior and criminal courts, and the distinctive legal, normative, and situational context of capital cases, to examine how the decisions, rulings, and interpretive practices of trial judges are affected by their backgrounds, values, and role orientations, the courthouse and community settings of their work, and their response to distinctive features of capital cases, such as their perception of the likelihood of federal habeas reversal, state statutory sentencing provisions, the implications of death as punishment, the effects of heightened publicity, and the capital case experience and perspectives of other judges. By examining how trial judges discharge their constitutional responsibility in capital cases, this study will seek to contribute to the development of an empirically grounded understanding of trial judging. It uses a case-focused interviews with a sample of 60 trial judges who have presided over a full capital trial within a year of the interview to (a) describe the actions and interpretive practices of capital trial judges and the rationales they give for their decisions, (b) assess legal and normative influences on uniformity of practice among capital trial judges, and (c) assess individual and contextual sources of variation in capital trial judging by judge, by court and by case characteristics. %%%% This study draws upon the empirical research about judicial behavior and criminal courts, and the distinctive legal, normative, and situational context of capital cases, to examine how the decisions, rulings, and interpretive practices of trial judges are affected by their backgrounds, values, and role orientations, the courthouse and community settings of their work, and their response to distinctive features of capital cases, such as their perception of the likelihood of federal habeas reversal, state statutory sentencing provisions, the implications of death as punishment, the effects of heightened pu blicity, and the capital case experience and perspectives of other judges. By examining how trial judges discharge their constitutional responsibility in capital cases, this study will seek to contribute to the development of an empirically grounded understanding of trial judging. It uses a case-focused interviews with a sample of 60 trial judges who have presided over a full capital trial within a year of the interview to (a) describe the actions and interpretive practices of capital trial judges and the rationales they give for their decisions, (b) assess legal and normative influences on uniformity of practice among capital trial judges, and (c) assess individual and contextual sources of variation in capital trial judging by judge, by court and by case characteristics. ****

Sarat 9515482本研究借鉴了关于司法行为和刑事法院的实证研究，以及死刑案件独特的法律的、规范的和情境的背景，以研究审判法官的决定、裁决和解释性实践如何受到他们的背景、价值观和角色定位、法院和社区工作环境的影响，以及他们对死刑案件的独特特征的反应，例如他们对联邦人身保护令撤销的可能性的看法、州法定量刑规定、死刑作为惩罚的影响、加强宣传的影响以及死刑案件的经验和其他法官的观点。通过研究审判法官如何在死刑案件中履行其宪法责任，本研究将寻求有助于发展一个基于经验的理解审判。 它采用以案件为重点的访谈，对60名在访谈一年内主持过一次完整的死刑审判的审判法官进行了抽样访谈，以（a）描述死刑审判法官的行动和解释性做法以及他们为自己的决定提出的理由，（B）评估法律的和规范对死刑审判法官做法一致性的影响，以及（c）评估法官、法院和案件特征在死刑审判中的个人和背景差异来源。 本研究以司法行为与刑事法院的实证研究为基础，结合死刑案件独特的法律的、规范的、情境的语境，考察了审判法官的背景、价值观、角色定位、工作的法院和社区环境，以及他们对死刑案件独特特征的反应如何影响其判决、裁定和解释实践，例如他们对联邦人身保护令撤销的可能性的看法、州法定量刑规定、死刑作为惩罚的影响、提高公开性的影响以及死刑案件的经验和其他法官的观点。通过研究审判法官如何在死刑案件中履行其宪法责任，本研究将寻求有助于发展一个基于经验的理解审判。 它采用以案件为重点的访谈，对60名在访谈一年内主持过一次完整的死刑审判的审判法官进行了抽样访谈，以（a）描述死刑审判法官的行动和解释性做法以及他们为自己的决定提出的理由，（B）评估法律的和规范对死刑审判法官做法一致性的影响，以及（c）评估法官、法院和案件特征在死刑审判中的个人和背景差异来源。 ****