SBIR Phase I: On Board Diesel Fuel to Hydrogen Converter

SBIR 第一阶段：机载柴油燃料到氢气转换器

• 批准号: 9560237
• 负责人: Richard Lyon
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: Energy & Environmental Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-02-01 至 1996-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9560237&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Board; Diesel; Fuel

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project addresses proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells for the Partnership for a Next Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) program. Automobiles capable of 80 miles per gallon (or the energy equivalent) and a range of 300 miles are sought at a cost that would be acceptable to typical American automobile buyers. PEM fuel cells may provide the power source if a practical method can be found for on-board conversion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels to a hydrogen fuel which these fuel cells can use. Presently available technology for converting hydrocarbon fuels to hydrogen is steam reforming. This process is unsuited to use on board a vehicle for two reasons. First, the steam reforming reaction is endothermic, meaning that heat must be generated and transferred to the steam reforming reactor, which is complex and cumbersome for on-board use. Second, the hydrogen produced by steam reforming contains large amounts of CO and carbon dioxide and cannot be used in fuel cells without extensive purification. Such purification is also complex and cumbersome for on-board use. The technology under study in this SBIR project produces hydrogen via a modified steam reforming reaction. This modified reaction is mildly exothermic, obviating the need to supply heat to the reactor, and it produces hydrogen with high purity. Thus, many of the problems of conventional steam reforming may be avoided. Phase I will include a series of experiments which will provide bench scale proof of concept for the application of the concept to on-board hydrogen generation.

该小型企业创新研究 (SBIR) 第一阶段项目致力于下一代车辆合作伙伴关系 (PNGV) 计划的质子交换膜 (PEM) 燃料电池。 每加仑可行驶 80 英里（或同等能量）且续航里程为 300 英里的汽车的价格对于典型的美国汽车购买者来说是可以接受的。 如果能够找到一种实用的方法将液态烃燃料在船上转化为这些燃料电池可以使用的氢燃料，那么质子交换膜燃料电池可以提供动力源。 目前可用的将碳氢化合物燃料转化为氢气的技术是蒸汽重整。 由于两个原因，该过程不适合在车辆上使用。 首先，蒸汽重整反应是吸热的，这意味着必须产生热量并将热量传递到蒸汽重整反应器，这对于船上使用来说是复杂且麻烦的。 其次，蒸汽重整产生的氢气含有大量的CO和二氧化碳，未经大量纯化就不能用于燃料电池。 对于机载使用而言，这种净化也是复杂且麻烦的。 该 SBIR 项目正在研究的技术通过改进的蒸汽重整反应生产氢气。 这种改进的反应是温和放热的，无需向反应器供热，并且可以产生高纯度的氢气。 因此，可以避免传统蒸汽重整的许多问题。 第一阶段将包括一系列实验，为将该概念应用于车载制氢提供实验室规模的概念验证。