Integrative Biology of Insect Muscle: Molecular Through Ecological Investigations of Locomotor Performance

昆虫肌肉的综合生物学：通过运动性能的生态学研究进行分子生物学研究

• 批准号: 9600840
• 负责人: James Marden
• 金额: $ 18万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-01-01 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9600840&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integrative; Biology; Insect; Muscle; Molecular

9600840 Marden This research investigates the locomotor physiology of a model organism at molecular through cellular, organismal, and ecological levels, and will demonstrate how effects at one level interact with effects at other levels. In so doing, the research would lead to a novel understanding of mechanistic and evolutionary processes that govern performance physiology of muscle. Dragonflies (Libellula pulchella) undergo a dramatic change in flight performance and thermal sensitivity of muscle function during adult maturation. Preliminary data suggest that the mechanism underlying this developmental transition is a tenfold increase in calcium sensitivity of muscle activation, which appears to be caused by a change in isoform expression of the calcium regulatory protein troponin-t. The investigators will use recombinant troponin-t to perform isoform extraction/replacement experiments that will experimentally demonstrate the role that age-specific troponin-t isoforms play in determining calcium sensitivity of muscle activation. These experiments will provide some of the first data that address the specific cellular role of troponin-t isoform variation. Troponin-t isoform shifts occur during muscle development in many types of animals (including humans), as well as human heart muscle during cardiac arrest and recovery from cardiac arrest. Mutations in troponin-t cause, by mechanisms presently unknown, an inherited heart disease in humans (hypertrophic cardiac myopathy). Thus, the results will have general andpotentially even clinical value. Preliminary data also indicate that changes in calcium sensitivity of muscle activation affect the timing and force generation of muscle twitch contractions, which in turn may cause changes in the energy efficiency of locomotion. The researchers will test this prediction by determ ining how energy efficiency of flight varies with age and muscle maturation. They will perform parallel experiments with distantly related dragonflies that show similar and dissimilar patterns of muscle maturation in order to determine if the results allow accurate predictions that can be extended to other species.

9600840马尔登 本研究通过细胞，有机体和生态水平在分子上研究模型生物体的运动生理学，并将展示一个水平的影响如何与其他水平的影响相互作用。 在这样做的过程中，这项研究将导致对机械的新理解。 和 进化 过程 的 控制着肌肉的生理机能 蜻蜓（Libellula pulchella）在成虫成熟过程中，其飞行性能和肌肉功能的热敏感性发生了巨大的变化。 初步数据表明，这种发育转变的机制是一种 肌肉激活的钙敏感性增加10倍，这似乎是由 钙 监管 蛋白 肌钙蛋白T。 研究者将使用重组肌钙蛋白-t进行同种型 提取/置换 实验 的 将实验性地 展示了 年龄特异性肌钙蛋白-T同种型在确定肌肉激活的钙敏感性中起作用。 这些实验将提供一些第一批数据，解决肌钙蛋白-t亚型变异的特定细胞作用。 肌钙蛋白-t亚型的变化发生在许多类型的动物（包括人类）的肌肉发育过程中，以及心脏骤停和心脏骤停恢复期间的人类心肌。 肌钙蛋白t突变通过目前未知的机制引起人类遗传性心脏病（肥厚性心肌病）。 因此，在本发明中， 的 结果 将 有 一般的甚至潜在的临床价值。 初步数据还表明，肌肉激活的钙敏感性的变化会影响肌肉抽搐收缩的时间和力量产生，这反过来又可能导致运动能量效率的变化。 研究人员将通过确定飞行的能量效率如何随年龄和肌肉成熟而变化来验证这一预测。 他们将进行平行实验， 相关的蜻蜓显示， 类似 不同的肌肉成熟模式 以确定结果是否允许可以扩展到其他物种的准确预测。