PRF: The Role of Flight Muscle Ratios in Aerial Interactionsof Flying Insects

PRF：飞行肌肉比率在飞行昆虫空中相互作用中的作用

• 批准号: 8803015
• 负责人: James Marden
• 金额: $ 5.28万
• 依托单位: Fellowships
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-07-01 至 1990-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8803015&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PRF; Role; Flight; Muscle; Ratios

.j.>Many insects capture prey, escape from predators, and compete for mates by utilizing short bursts of rapid maneuverable flight. Recent experimental results indicate that maximum short-burst flight performance depends strongly on flight muscle ratio (FMR; the ratio of flight muscle mass to body mass). This result suggests that animals with high FMRs should generally be able to outperform animals with lower FMRs in aerial contests. Three analyses will be used to explore this hypothesis. The first compares FMRs of prey captured by robber flies with FMRs of prey that escape, and with FMRs of all potential prey. How FMR variation among individual robber flies affects foraging success will be determined. The second study compares FMRs of palatable butterflies with FMRs of unpalatable butterflies, to determine if differences in predation frequency have resulted in variation in the way butterflies distribute mass among their tissues. The third study examines how interspecific variation in FMRs of male dragonflies varies with the spatial pattern of female oviposition. Females that oviposit selectively, in a few preferred sites, should impose strong selection for male traits that allow aerial defense of these sites. Results of these analyses may demonstrate that mass allocation is a basic and ecologically profound problem for flying insects, and perhaps for flying animals in general. Work will be performed at Brown University, The University of Texas at Austin, and the Smithsonial Tropical Research Institute in Panama.

.j.>许多昆虫捕捉猎物，逃离捕食者， 利用短时间的快速飞行来寻找配偶。 最近的实验结果表明， 飞行性能在很大程度上取决于飞行肌肉比（FMR; 飞行肌肉质量与身体质量的比率）。 这一结果 表明具有高FMR的动物通常应该能够 在空中竞赛中胜过FMR较低的动物。 三 将使用分析来探讨这一假设。 第一 比较了被捕食者捕获的猎物的FMR和被捕食者的FMR 以及所有潜在猎物的FMR 如何FMR 个体间的差异会影响觅食成功率 将被确定。 第二项研究比较了可口的FMR 与不好吃的蝴蝶的FMR，以确定 如果捕食频率的差异导致了 就像蝴蝶在组织中分配物质一样。 的 第三项研究探讨了雄性FMR的种间变异 不同空间格局的雌性蜻蜓 产卵 雌性选择性产卵，在少数情况下 首选网站，应强制男性性状强选择 可以对这些地点进行空中防御 这些分析的结果可能表明，质量分配是 一个基本的生态学上深刻的问题，为飞行昆虫， 也许是一般的飞行动物。 工作将在 布朗大学、德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校和 史密森热带研究所在巴拿马。