Successfully Transferring New Technology to School Systems Key Individual, Organizational, and Contextual Factors

史蒂文斯理工学院改进工程和科学教育中心（CIESE）正在领导新泽西州教育网络基础设施项目（NJNIE）。NJNIE是一项由美国国家科学基金会资助的实验项目，旨在改革K-12科学教育。SIESE是这个为期三年，耗资2.19亿美元的项目的第二年，该项目正在与新泽西州全州系统倡议（NJSSI）合作实施。该中心迄今的经验表明，在某些情况下，这些技术转让努力取得了巨大成功，而在另一些情况下，尽管有平等机会获得资源、培训、个别援助等，但几乎没有变化或没有变化。更深入地了解与成功的技术转移相关的个人、组织和环境因素，将使我们能够通过设计针对学校或学区的干预措施来提高我们作为变革推动者的有效性；年代的需要。此外，更深入地了解成功所必需的因素将使我们能够通过更明智地分配稀缺资源而获得更好的投资回报。这个项目的第一个目标是建立一个个人、组织和环境因素的模型，这些因素是成功技术转让的重要决定因素。在这种情况下，成功的技术转移意味着成功地将电信技术整合到科学课程中，并在K-12科学教学中使用互联网。该项目的第二个目标是在参与NJNIE项目的随机学校样本上验证该模型。待开发的模型将调查三类预测因素：(1)学校管理人员和教师的特征（个人层面因素），(2)学校本身的特征（组织因素），以及(3)学校运作环境的特征（地区层面因素）。文献表明，这三类变量都在成功转移新技术方面发挥作用。然而，几乎没有证据表明(a)这三类变量中的哪一类变量对成功转移最重要，以及(b)这三类变量中的哪一类总体上最重要。因此，该项目的第三个目标将是确定解释成功技术转让的变量的相对重要性。了解各种预测变量的相对重要性，应该使我们能够设计干预措施，并以对预期结果产生最大影响的方式分配资源。

9603458 Holahan The Center for Improved Engineering and Science Education (CIESE) at Stevens Institute of Technology is leading the New Jersey Networking Infrastructure in Education Project (NJNIE). NJNIE is an NSF funded testbed project to reform K-12 science education. SIESE is in the second yar of this three-year, $219 million dollar program that is being implemented in collaboration with the New Jersey Statewide Systemic Initiative (NJSSI). CIESE's experience to date indicates that in some cases these technology transfer efforts have met with tremendous success, while in other cases little or no change has occurred despite equal access to resources, training, individualized assistance, etc. A deeper understanding of the individual, organizational, and contextual factors associated with successful technology transfer will allow us to increase our effectiveness as change agents by designing interventions which are specific to the school or school district;s needs. Moreover, deeper understanding of the factors necessary for success will enable us to achieve a better return on investment by more wisely allocating scarce resources. The first objective of this project is to develop a model of the individual, organizational and contextual factors that are important determinants of successful technology transfer. In this case successful technology transfer means successful integpation of telecommunications technology into the science curriculum and the use of the Internet in teaching K-12 science. The second goal of this project is to validate this model on a random sample of schools participating in the NJNIE project. The model to be developed will investigate three clusters of categories of predictors: (1) characteristics of the school's administrators and teachers (individual level factors), (2) characteristics of the school itself (organizational factors), and (3) characteristics of the context in which the school operates (district level factors). The literature suggests that all three classes of variables play a role in successfully transferring new technology. However, there is little in the way of evidence to suggest (a) which variables within each of these three classes of variables are most important to successful transfer, and (b) which of the three classes of variables overall is most important. Therefore, a third goal of the project will be to determine the relative importance of the variables in explaining successful technology transfer. Understanding the relative immportance of the various predictor variables should allow us to design interventions and allocate resources in ways that will have the greatest impact on desired outcomes.