Role of Hormones in the Control of Behavior

激素在行为控制中的作用

• 批准号: 9603976
• 负责人: James Truman
• 金额: $ 32.78万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2000-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9603976&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Hormones; Control; Behavior

9603976 Truman To be adaptive, an animal's behavior must change depending on the organism's physiological and developmental state. The behavior is typically organized in stereotyped sequences that progress through discrete behavioral phases each characterized by its suite of motor acts. Neuropeptides, small protein-like substances that are released into the blood or locally within the nervous system, are thought to play important roles in inducing and maintaining such behavioral phases. Using a relatively simple invertebrate system, Dr. Truman is examining how specific behaviors are controlled by these peptide modulators. He has proposed a model in which each behavioral phase is controlled by a different neuromodulator. Employing a variety of electrophysiological, neurochemical, and molecular and genetic techniques with a combination of in vitro and in vivo analyses, Dr. Truman will examine whether a hierarchy of neuroendocrine interactions is then responsible for the progression through a specific behavioral sequence. He will determine whether the basic organization of this cascade is that the hormone modulator directing the behavior for one phase also acts on the neuroendocrine cells that contain the neuromodulator for the next phase. The results from this comprehensive series of studies will provide new knowledge on the role of neuropeptides in the functioning of the nervous system and the mechanisms used by peptides to alter behavior. This fundamental research may also serve as the foundation for the development and application of practical procedures in controlling agricultural and medical insect pests.

9603976杜鲁门为了适应，动物的行为必须根据生物体的生理和发育状态而改变。行为通常是按刻板印象的顺序组织起来的，这些顺序经历了离散的行为阶段，每个阶段都以其一套运动动作为特征。神经肽是一种释放到血液或神经系统局部的类似蛋白质的小物质，被认为在诱导和维持这种行为阶段发挥着重要作用。利用一个相对简单的无脊椎动物系统，杜鲁门博士正在研究这些肽调节剂是如何控制特定行为的。他提出了一个模型，在该模型中，每个行为阶段都由不同的神经调节剂控制。杜鲁门博士将运用多种电生理学、神经化学、分子和遗传学技术，结合体外和体内分析，研究神经内分泌相互作用的层次结构是否对特定行为序列的进展负责。他将确定这一级联反应的基本组织是否是指导一个阶段行为的激素调节器也作用于包含下一阶段神经调节剂的神经内分泌细胞。这一系列综合研究的结果将为神经肽在神经系统功能中的作用以及多肽改变行为的机制提供新的知识。这项基础性研究也可作为开发和应用防治农业和医疗害虫的实用程序的基础。