Police and Adolescents in Multi-Ethnic Societies. Interactions and Mutual Perceptions between Police Forces and (Minority) Adolescents in France and Germany

多民族社会中的警察和青少年。

• 批准号: 102730639
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hans-Jörg Albrecht
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Max-Planck-Institut zur Erforschung von Kriminalität, Sicherheit und Recht
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/102730639?language=en
• 关键词: Police; Adolescents; Multi; Ethnic; Societies.

This project aims at improving the knowledge about the causes of tensions and collective violence in urban settings and understanding the sources of legitimacy of the police among adolescents in multi-ethnic societies. In both Germany and France, minorities now represent a large share of the urban population, in particular of the marginalized social underclass. Nonetheless, large-scale riots like in France have failed to materialise in Germany so far. Apart from varying levels of social disadvantage and disintegration, the quality of policing and of police-minority relations may explain this discrepancy. We supplement the widely held assumption that ethnic minority status constitutes the distinctive explanatory factor with the hypothesis that socio-economic disadvantage and spatial segregation is a significant force - at least as important as ethnicity - driving both crime/violence as well as tensions between adolescents and the police (and possibly discriminatory police practices). We analyse police-adolescent interactions in a theoretical framework which includes police legitimacy and community social (des)integration.A cross-national comparison with identical study design and implementation will be decisive to solve these puzzles by increasing the variance of macro-level conditions which may stand among the determinants of youth behaviour (social, economic, ethnic conditions) on the one hand and police behaviour on the other hand (institutional, organizational, staff composition conditions). In Germany and France, two cities of different sizes are selected in order reduce the risk of undue generalization to the national level. A quantitative school survey among adolescents nested within neighbourhoods (N-5,000 in each country) will be paralleled by a qualitative analysis of police behaviour and organizational structure by ways of interviews and field observations. The principal aim of the school survey is to gain standardized information on police-related attitudes and experiences of adolescents for testing hypotheses on key theoretical concepts and for systematic comparisons between ethnic groups, neighbourhood contexts and countries. The qualitative part of the study will produce in-depth information on attitudes and interactions which could not otherwise be gathered.The results of this study will produce more rigorous answers to an important social question and could inform social policies and police strategies in disadvantaged urban areas.

该项目旨在增进对城市环境中紧张局势和集体暴力的原因的了解，并了解警察在多族裔社会中的青少年中的合法性来源。在德国和法国，少数群体现在占城市人口的很大一部分，特别是被边缘化的社会下层阶级。尽管如此，像法国那样的大规模骚乱到目前为止还没有在德国发生。除了不同程度的社会劣势和解体，警察的质量和警察与少数群体的关系可能解释了这种差异。我们补充了被广泛接受的少数族裔地位构成独特解释因素的假设，即社会经济劣势和空间隔离是推动犯罪/暴力以及青少年与警察之间的紧张关系(以及可能的歧视性警察做法)的重要力量--至少与种族同样重要。我们在一个包括警察合法性和社区社会融合(DES)的理论框架中分析警察与青少年的互动。具有相同研究设计和实施的跨国比较将通过增加宏观条件的差异来解决这些难题，宏观条件一方面可能是青少年行为(社会、经济、种族条件)的决定因素，另一方面可能是警察行为(制度、组织、人员组成条件)的决定因素。在德国和法国，选择了两个不同规模的城市，以减少在全国范围内不适当推广的风险。在对居住在社区(每个国家为N-5 000人)的青少年进行定量的学校调查的同时，将通过访谈和实地观察的方式对警察的行为和组织结构进行定性分析。学校调查的主要目的是获得关于青少年与警察有关的态度和经历的标准化信息，以检验关于关键理论概念的假设，并在族裔群体、邻里环境和国家之间进行系统比较。这项研究的定性部分将产生有关态度和互动的深入信息，否则无法收集到这些信息。这项研究的结果将对一个重要的社会问题产生更严格的答案，并可能为贫困城市地区的社会政策和警察战略提供参考。