Implementation Issues of Structural Control for Near Field Earthquakes: Hardware Malfunction and Saturation

9615731 Jabbari本项目将解决与主动控制相关的关键实施问题，以减轻城市地震灾害，特别是近场地震引起的激励。 这些问题包括硬件故障和执行器饱和，出现在基于性能的控制系统设计。 最近北岭和科比的近场地震引起了人们对被动基础隔震系统（如橡胶支座隔震器）和主动/混合保护系统的应用的极大关注。 近场地震的特点，包括意外的大峰值地面加速度和冲击型时间历程，可能会使被动隔离系统和主动/混合保护系统无效，甚至有害。 在主动控制系统的实施中，由于不经常使用或由于冲击型激励（例如近场地震），可能发生硬件（例如致动器或传感器）的故障。 由于任何致动器的有限容量以及地震激励的随机性质，致动器可能变得饱和，特别是在近场地震下。 进一步的鲁棒控制器设计的峰值结构响应的减少需要仔细解决。 本项目将试图建立控制设计方法，保证高性能的潜在硬件故障和执行器饱和的存在。 所获得的性能取决于硬件的可靠性（或故障）特性，致动器的能力和设计地震。 因此，实施主动控制系统的成本和效益的评估成为可能。 最后，一个全面的实验测试计划将进行起诉的国家的最先进的振动台在加州大学欧文分校，以验证和证明所提出的技术的有效性。 我们的技术方法的一个独特的特点是，所有要解决的问题，包括硬件系统的故障，致动器饱和，峰值响应降低和系统鲁棒性，可以制定在一个统一和全面的框架。 因此，该项目的主旨可以概括为开发一种全面的控制设计方法，该方法将提供致动器/传感器故障的可靠性，致动器饱和的高性能，鲁棒性和峰值响应降低，以及实验验证和评估。 ***

9615731 Jabbari This project will address critical implementation issues associated with active control for urban seismic hazard mitigation, particularly excitations due to near-field earthquakes. These issues include hardware malfunction and actuator saturation, which arise in the performance-based design of control systems. The recent near-field earthquakes of Northridge and Kobe have raised great concerns regarding the applications of both passive base isolation systems (such as rubber-bearing isolators) and active/hybrid protective systems. The characteristics of near field earthquakes, including unexpected large peak ground acceleration and shock-type time histories, may render both passive isolation systems and active/hybrid protective systems ineffective or even detrimental. In the implementation of active control systems possible malfunction of hardware, such as actuators or sensors, may occur due to the infrequent use or due to shock-type excitations, such as that of near-field earthquakes. Due to the limited capacity of any actuator, as well as the random nature of earthquake excitations, the actuator may become saturated, particularly under the near-field earthquakes. Further the robust controller design for the reduction of peak structural response needs to be carefully addressed. This project will attempt to establish control design methods that guarantee high performance in the presence of potential hardware malfunction and actuator saturation. The performance obtained depends explicitly on the reliability (or malfunction) characteristics of hardware, actuator capabilities and the design earthquake. Consequently, the evaluation of costs and benefits for implementing an active control system becomes possible. Finally, a comprehensive experimental test program will be conducted suing the state-of- the-art shaking table at the University of California-Irvine to verify and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques. A di stinguished feature of our technical approach is that all the issues to be addressed, including the malfunction of hardware systems, actuator saturation, peak response reduction and system robustness, can be formulated in a unified and comprehensive framework. The main thrust of the project can thus be summarized as developing a comprehensive control design methodology that will provide reliability with respect to actuator/sensor malfunction, high performance with actuator saturation, robustness and peak response reduction, and experimental verification and evaluation. ***