Dissertation Research: Collapse and Development: A Study of Late Prehistoric Society in the Nasca Region of Peru

论文研究：崩溃与发展：秘鲁纳斯卡地区史前晚期社会研究

• 批准号: 9616637
• 负责人: Katharina Schreiber
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-01 至 1998-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9616637&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Collapse; Development; Study

Under the direction of Dr. Katharina Schreiber, MS Christina Conlee will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. She will conduct one season of archaeological excavation, followed by subsequent analysis, at the site of Pajonal Alto which is located in the Targua Valley in northern Peru. The settlement covers the time interval from ca. 800 B.C. through the colonial period and is located on a natural sand mound next to the Taruga River. Flanked by cemeteries on the east and west the sites covers almost two hectares and consists of several distinct architectural sectors. Due to heavy rains in the Peruvian highlands in 1993 and 1994 portions of the site were destroyed and emergency recording procedures were conducted in response to the deteriorating condition of the site. They revealed the presence of extensive materials which date to the Late Intermediate period from ca. 1,000 to 1,500 AD. MS Conlee will conduct an extensive horizontal excavation in one compound to determine spatial organization and collect data which will provide information on subsistence and other aspects of material culture. She will also undertake excavation of stratified deposits to construct a detailed ceramic sequence and to determine changes in Late Intermediate site organization over time. Cultural material recovered during excavation will be identified, counted and weighed. This information, in conjunction with spatial data, will be analyzed to establish subsistence practices, trade patterns, economic specialization and social differentiation throughout the late prehistoric period. While archaeologists have focused significant attention on how empires arise and are maintained, relatively little information is available the process of collapse and how constituent units respond when the larger encompassing system is destroyed. Prehistoric Peru provides an excellent opportunity to examine this question because over several millennia it witnessed the rise and subsequent collapse of several empires. The period which MS Conlee will study begins with the fall of the Wari Empire, encompasses a period of local development and then ends with the rise of the Inca. MS Conlee has proposed several models which serve to explain how the Nasca region was integrated into Wari and how it responded to the Wari collapse. She has also outlined the material correlates of these different scenarios and through her fieldwork will collect data to permit differentiation among them This research is important for several reasons. It will shed new light on a little known period of Peruvian prehistory and provide data of interest to many archaeologists. It will increase understanding of the processes involved in devolution of social complexity and assist in training a promising young scientist.

在Katharina Schreiber博士的指导下，Christina Conlee女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。她将在位于秘鲁北部Targua山谷的Pajonal Alto遗址进行一个季节的考古发掘，随后进行分析。该定居点涵盖了从公元前800年到殖民时期的时间间隔，位于塔鲁加河旁边的一个天然沙丘上。东、西两侧是墓地，占地近两公顷，由几个不同的建筑部分组成。由于1993年和1994年秘鲁高地的大雨，该遗址的部分被毁，为了应对该遗址日益恶化的状况，采取了紧急记录程序。他们揭示了大量材料的存在，这些材料可以追溯到中晚期（约公元1000年至1500年）。MS Conlee将在一个建筑群中进行广泛的水平挖掘，以确定空间组织并收集数据，这些数据将提供有关生存和物质文化其他方面的信息。她还将进行分层沉积物的挖掘，以建立详细的陶瓷序列，并确定中晚期遗址组织随时间的变化。挖掘过程中发现的文物将被鉴定、计数和称重。将结合空间数据对这些信息进行分析，以确定整个史前晚期的生存方式、贸易模式、经济专业化和社会分化。虽然考古学家们已经把大量的注意力集中在帝国是如何产生和维持的，但相对较少的信息是关于帝国崩溃的过程，以及当更大的包围系统被摧毁时，组成单位是如何反应的。史前秘鲁为研究这个问题提供了一个绝佳的机会，因为几千年来，它见证了几个帝国的崛起和随后的崩溃。康利教授将研究的时期从瓦里帝国的衰落开始，包括一段地方发展时期，然后以印加的崛起结束。康利提出了几个模型，用来解释纳斯卡地区是如何融入瓦里的，以及它是如何应对瓦里崩溃的。她还概述了这些不同情景的相关材料，并通过她的实地工作将收集数据，以便在它们之间进行区分。它将为鲜为人知的秘鲁史前时期提供新的亮点，并为许多考古学家提供感兴趣的数据。它将增进对社会复杂性下放过程的了解，并有助于培养有前途的年轻科学家。