Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Rural Domestic Economy and Chimu Political Economy: Household Organization at the El Brujo Site Complex, Chicama Valley, Peru

博士论文改进补助金：农村国内经济和奇穆政治经济学：秘鲁奇卡马谷埃尔布鲁霍遗址综合体的家庭组织

• 批准号: 0304312
• 负责人: Katharina Schreiber
• 金额: $ 1.19万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-02-15 至 2004-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0304312&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Rural

Under the direction of Dr. Katharina Schreiber, Mr. James Tate will collect data for his doctoral dissertation. Mr. Tate will carry out archaeological excavations at the El Brujo Site Complex in the Chicama Valley, Peru. The complex is of great interest archaeologically as it consists of a series of domestic habitations and ceremonial mounds that represent over four thousand years of human occupation spanning the Preceramic through Colonial periods, ca. 3000 B.C. - A.D. 1532. This investigation focuses on the later Chimu occupation of the site and the organization of the domestic economy of the residents. The site is particularly significant given the existence of early colonial period documents that describe the economic and social organization of the site and the surrounding area. In addition, the exceptional preservation of organic material at the site results in an unparalleled opportunity to observe archaeological patterns of production, processing, distribution, consumption, and disposal of craft goods and subsistence resources. A primary recovery method will be the collection of soil samples that will produce data on diet and subsistence. The investigator will then compare patterns of production and consumption to existing research, and ethnohistoric accounts of the Chicama Valley, El Brujo, and the nearby town of Magdalena de Cao, a method that has proven valuable to Inca studies. During the Late Intermediate Period (A.D. 1000-A.D. 1476) the Chimu culture developed on the north coast of Peru and established a hierarchically organized expansive state that eventually grew to control the coastal region from the Chillon Valley on the central coast to Tumbes in the north. The Chimu are known archaeologically and ethnohistorically as specialized producers of elite goods such as metals and textiles that served in a redistributive economy based on the control of luxury goods, and financed by irrigation agriculture. Little however is known about the relationship between the state political economy and the local domestic economy of communities outside administrative and political centers. Mr. Tate's investigation will add a new dimension to existing research by presenting data gathered from household contexts. Research carried out at the household level provides the opportunity to study aspects of human economic, political, and social organization invisible at a larger scale. Accordingly, the study of El Brujo provides a necessary addition to existing research by identifying the range of domestic activities that characterize a household in the archaeological record, and contributing a detailed description of daily life in a Chimu community. This research is also important because it will integrate different approaches to the understanding of prehispanic culture at El Brujo, where the overwhelming focus of investigation has been monumental architecture. Further, the research will contribute to a growing body of anthropological and archaeological literature on households in complex societies and will assist in training a promising young scientist.

在Katharina Schreiber博士的指导下，James Tate先生将为他的博士论文收集数据。泰特将在秘鲁奇卡马山谷的El Brujo遗址建筑群进行考古发掘。该建筑群具有极大的考古学意义，因为它由一系列家庭居所和礼仪性土丘组成，代表了从公元前3000年到公元1532年前震旦纪到殖民地时期超过4000年的人类占领。本次调查的重点是后来赤木对遗址的占领和居民的家庭经济组织情况。考虑到早期殖民时期文件的存在，该遗址特别重要，这些文件描述了该遗址及其周围地区的经济和社会组织。此外，该遗址对有机材料的特殊保存为观察工艺品和生计资源的生产、加工、分配、消费和处置的考古模式提供了无与伦比的机会。主要的恢复方法将是收集土壤样本，这些样本将产生关于饮食和生存的数据。然后，调查人员将把生产和消费模式与现有的研究和对奇卡马山谷、El Brujo和附近的Magdalena de Cao镇的民族史学记述进行比较，这种方法已被证明对印加研究有价值。在中期晚期(公元1000年-公元1476年)，奇姆文化在秘鲁北海岸发展起来，并建立了一个有等级组织的扩张国家，最终发展到控制从中部海岸的奇隆山谷到北部的汤布斯的沿海地区。在考古学和民族学上，奇姆人都是专门生产金属和纺织品等精英商品的人，这些商品在基于奢侈品控制的再分配经济中服务，并由灌溉农业提供资金。然而，人们对行政和政治中心以外社区的国家政治经济和当地国内经济之间的关系知之甚少。泰特的调查将通过展示从家庭背景中收集的数据，为现有研究增添一个新的维度。在家庭一级进行的研究提供了在更大范围内研究人类经济、政治和社会组织的无形方面的机会。因此，对El Brujo的研究为现有研究提供了必要的补充，确定了考古记录中描述家庭特征的各种家庭活动，并对奇姆社区的日常生活进行了详细描述。这项研究也很重要，因为它将整合不同的方法来理解El Brujo的理解裔文化，那里的压倒性调查重点一直是不朽的建筑。此外，这项研究将有助于不断增加关于复杂社会中家庭的人类学和考古学文献，并将有助于培养一位有前途的年轻科学家。