Tunneling and Transport in Ordered and Disordered Superconductors

有序和无序超导体中的隧道效应和输运

• 批准号: 9623477
• 负责人: Allen Goldman
• 金额: $ 39万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-04-01 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9623477&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tunneling; Transport; Ordered; Disordered; Superconductors

9623477 Goldman The study of two dimensional superconducting films allows access to several important paradigms in contemporary Condensed Matter Physics including the superconductor-insulator transition, the quantum tunneling of vortices, and other quantum properties of Abrikosov vortices. The hallmark of the work is the extension of the parameter space to very low temperatures and very high magnetic fields. The focus of work on the superconductor-insulator transition will be on resolving whether the transition is governed by a variant of the Boson- Hubbard model or, is a consequence of decreased screening by disorder of the repulsive electron-electron interaction. The work on quantum tunneling of vortices should reveal new features of the dynamics of vortices, in particular the extent to which their behavior can be fundamentally quantum mechanical. The other investigations of quantum properties of vortices, including studies of quantum vortex lattice melting, superconducting analogs of the quantum Hall effect, and vortex shot noise will contribute to a coherent picture of electron transport and superconductivity in two dimensions. %%% The study of two dimensional superconductors impacts important paradigms in contemporary Condensed Matter Physics including the superconductor-insulator transition, and the quantum tunneling of vortices, an important dynamical property of Abrikosov vortices. The investigation of model problems and model systems in two dimensions, in addition to their intrinsic scientific interest, will contribute to our knowledge of the mechanism of high-Tc superconductivity, and to our understanding of vortex dynamics. The dynamics of vortices, which exist in superconductors in magnetic fields, are of interest because vortex motion causes dissipation. The promise of superconductivity to bring about changes in electrical and electronic technology is connect ed with reduced dissipation. The understanding of the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity will aid in the search for new materials. The understanding of the fundamental limits on performance resulting from vortex motion will contribute to our understanding of factors which could limit the technological usefulness of superconductors. ***

9623477高盛对二维超导膜的研究允许访问当代冷凝物理物理学中的几个重要范式，包括超导体 - 导管转变，涡流的量子隧穿以及其他ABRIKOSOV涡流的量子性能。 工作的标志是参数空间扩展到非常低的温度和非常高的磁场。 在超导体 - 绝缘体转变上的工作重点将是解决过渡是否受玻色哈伯德模型的变体支配，或者是由于排斥电子电子相互作用而减少筛查的结果。 关于涡旋的量子隧穿的工作应揭示涡流动力学的新特征，特别是其行为在根本上是量子机械的程度。对涡旋的量子性质的其他研究，包括研究量子涡旋晶格熔化的研究，量子霍尔效应的超导类似物以及涡流射击噪声将有助于在二维中对electron传输和超导性的连贯图像。 %% %%对二维超导体的研究影响了当代冷凝物理物理学的重要范式，包括超导体 - 绝缘体跃迁，以及涡流的量子隧穿，这是Abrikosov涡流的重要动力学特性。 除了固有的科学兴趣外，对模型问题和模型系统的研究还将有助于我们对高-TC超导性机理的了解，并有助于我们对涡旋动力学的理解。 磁场中超导体中存在的涡流动力学引起了人们的关注，因为涡流运动会导致耗散。 超导性带来电气和电子技术变化的承诺与耗散降低有关。 对高温超导性机理的理解将有助于寻找新材料。对涡旋运动产生的性能的基本限制的理解将有助于我们对可能限制超导体技术实用性的因素的理解。 ***