Patterns of skeletal development and morphological evolution in extant salamanders and Paleozoic branchiosaurids

现存蝾螈和古生代鳃龙科骨骼发育模式和形态进化

• 批准号: 109672121
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Nadia Belinda Fröbisch
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung (MfN)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/109672121?language=en
• 关键词: Patterns; skeletal; development; morphological; evolution

The increased interest in development and its role for morphological evolution in recent years has yielded a number of methodologies for the analysis of ontogenetic sequence data and the acquisition of alternative morphologies. Salamanders are classic study animals for the relationships between ontogeny and phylogeny because of their biphasic life history and a high degree of developmental plasticity. In this study, modern methods will be applied for the first time to ontogenetic sequence data of salamanders allowing for the identification of changes within the sequence and their placement in a given phylogeny. Sequence data from various regions of the body (limbs, skull, whole body) and two taxonomic levels (interfamily vs. intrafamily level) will be considered. This approach provides the framework for the interpretation of ontogenetic events with respect to phylogeny, function, and life history. Furthermore, ontogenetic plasticity in the distinct trophic morphotypes of the salamander Ambystoma tigrinum (large, broadheaded cannibal vs. small, “normal” morph) will be investigated to 1) identify events and changes in timing that produce the different morphologies and 2) quantify the shape change throughout ontogeny using geometric morphometric approaches. The results will be compared to a rare dataset from the fossil record, the ossification sequence of the 300 Ma old branchiosaurid Apateon, which shows indications for the possible presence of a trophic polymorphism similar to salamanders.

近年来，对发育及其在形态进化中的作用的兴趣增加，产生了许多用于分析个体发生序列数据和获取替代形态的方法。由于蝾螈的两期生活史和高度的发育可塑性，它们是研究个体发育与系统发育关系的经典动物。在这项研究中，现代方法将首次应用于蝾螈的个体发生序列数据，允许识别序列内的变化及其在给定系统发育中的位置。将考虑来自身体不同区域（四肢、颅骨、全身）和两个分类水平（家族间与家族内水平）的序列数据。这种方法为解释系统发育、功能和生活史方面的个体发生事件提供了框架。此外，将研究Ambystoma tigrinum不同营养形态（大型阔头食人族与小型“正常”形态）的个体发育可塑性，以1)确定产生不同形态的事件和时间变化，2)使用几何形态计量学方法量化整个个体发育过程中的形状变化。研究结果将与来自化石记录的一个罕见数据集进行比较，该数据集是300万年前的鳃龙Apateon的骨化序列，显示出可能存在类似蝾螈的营养多态性。