RUI: Localization of Peptide Hormone (Arginine Vasotocin and Parathyroid Hormone) Action in the Avian Nephron

RUI：肽激素（精氨酸催产素和甲状旁腺激素）在禽肾单位中的作用定位

• 批准号: 9630630
• 负责人: David Goldstein
• 金额: $ 18.3万
• 依托单位: Wright State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-01 至 2000-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9630630&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Localization; Peptide; Hormone; Arginine

9630630 Goldstein The kidney is the organ fundamentally responsible for regulation of water and salt balance in birds. As in other vertebrate groups, these are regulated by a number of hormones. Studies of whole animals have elucidated a basic picture of some of these mechanisms. For regulation of water balance, the hormone arginine vasotocin (AVT, released from the pituitary gland of the brain) is primarily responsible for reducing urine flow. For regulating the balance of phosphate (a principle component of bone), the hormone parathyroid hormone (PTH, from the parathyroid glands in the neck) is primarily responsible for stimulating urinary excretion of phosphate. Yet the sites of action of these hormones (or, in fact, of any hormone) within the avian kidney are unknown. The avian kidney consists of thousands of individual functional units, the renal tubules. Within each kidney are two major subclasses of tubule, and within each tubule are several differently specialized regions. In the present studies, the PI will evaluate the specific site of aciton of AVT and PTH within the renal tubules. Adequate regulation of water and phosphate excretion are of basic value to survival; disruptions in these processes can lead to a variety of pathologies (e.g., kidney stones, a common disease of poultry). The present studies should lead to an improved understanding of the mechanisms which regulate these basic aspects of avian physiology.

9630630 Goldstein 肾脏是鸟类负责调节水盐平衡的重要器官。 与其他脊椎动物一样，它们受到多种激素的调节。 对整个动物的研究已经阐明了其中一些机制的基本情况。 为了调节水平衡，精氨酸催产素（AVT，从大脑垂体释放）主要负责减少尿流量。为了调节磷酸盐（骨骼的主要成分）的平衡，甲状旁腺激素（PTH，来自颈部的甲状旁腺）主要负责刺激磷酸盐从尿中排泄。 然而，这些激素（或者实际上是任何激素）在禽类肾脏内的作用部位尚不清楚。 禽类肾脏由数千个独立的功能单位（肾小管）组成。 每个肾脏内都有两个主要的肾小管亚类，每个肾小管内都有几个不同的专门区域。 在本研究中，PI 将评估肾小管内 AVT 和 PTH 作用的具体部位。 水和磷酸盐排泄的充分调节对于生存具有基本价值；这些过程的中断可能导致多种病症（例如肾结石，一种家禽的常见疾病）。 目前的研究应该有助于更好地理解调节鸟类生理学这些基本方面的机制。