RUI: Effect of Dietary Protein on Structure and Function of the Avian Nephron

RUI：膳食蛋白质对禽肾单位结构和功能的影响

• 批准号: 9982985
• 负责人: David Goldstein
• 金额: $ 18.3万
• 依托单位: Wright State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9982985&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Effect; Dietary; Protein; Structure

Many birds change during growth or seasonal cycles from eating diets low in protein, such as seeds, to diets high in protein, such as insects. In mammals, changing to a high protein diet induces a number of changes in the kidneys, including enlargement of the organs and changes in the production and composition of the urine. In humans, these changes are important contributors to the progression of renal failure, and there is concern about these consequences also associated with the current popularity of high protein/low carbohydrate dieting. Birds possess many of the same elements to their anatomy and physiology as are suggested to be involved in the mammalian response to eating protein; however, birds lack others of these elements. Thus, birds can serve as a natural model for testing theories about the links between diet and consequences for the kidneys. In the proposed studies, Dr. Goldstein will explore the ways in which diet influences the responsiveness of the kidneys to hormones released in response to feeding. He will do so by raising bobwhite quail on high-vs.-low protein diets, and then exploring organ structure, kidney function, and the biochemical responses of kidney cells and tissues. These studies will help to define the physiology of a bird (the bobwhite quail) that is valuable both as a domestic and a wildlife species. They will also clarify assumptions and hypotheses proposed for mammalian kidneys, and thereby help to elucidate the link between dietary protein and the progression of renal failure.

许多鸟类在生长或季节周期中从吃低蛋白质的食物（如种子）转变为吃高蛋白质的食物（如昆虫）。 在哺乳动物中，改变为高蛋白饮食会引起肾脏的许多变化，包括器官的扩大以及尿液的产生和组成的变化。 在人类中，这些变化是肾衰竭进展的重要因素，并且人们担心这些后果也与目前流行的高蛋白/低碳水化合物饮食有关。 鸟类在解剖学和生理学上具有许多与哺乳动物对进食蛋白质的反应有关的相同元素;然而，鸟类缺乏这些元素中的其他元素。 因此，鸟类可以作为一个天然的模型来测试有关饮食和肾脏后果之间联系的理论。 在拟议的研究中，Goldstein博士将探索饮食影响肾脏对进食时释放的激素反应的方式。 他将通过在高vs.低蛋白饮食，然后探索器官结构、肾功能以及肾细胞和组织的生化反应。 这些研究将有助于确定一种鸟类（北美鹌鹑）的生理学，这种鸟类作为家养和野生物种都很有价值。 他们还将阐明对哺乳动物肾脏提出的假设和假说，从而有助于阐明膳食蛋白质与肾衰竭进展之间的联系。