RUI: Effects of Dehydration During Growth on Avian Kidney Development

RUI：生长过程中脱水对禽肾脏发育的影响

• 批准号: 8917616
• 负责人: David Goldstein
• 金额: $ 16.82万
• 依托单位: Wright State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-05-15 至 1993-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8917616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Effects; Dehydration; During; Growth

Dehydration is a stressor that may be encountered by many organisms during their lifetimes, including the period of body growth and organ development. Dehydration induces changes in hormone levels, including prominently increases in levels of anti-diuretic hormone, and the restricted water inhibits general body growth. Together, these factors may influence the growth and the development of many organ systems. The research will focus particularly on the effects of dehydration during growth on development of the kidney, a principle target organ for anti-diuretic hormone. The PI will study this problem in bobwhite quail, a species in which the chicks must forage for themselves beginning shortly after hatching, and in which therefore there is a very real possibility of dehydration during the early life stages. Preliminary data suggest that the region of the kidney (the renal medulla) primarily concerned with water conservation during dehydration hypertrophies when the birds are chronically water restricted. Associated with this is an enhanced ability to concentrate the urine, which should contribute to enhanced water conservation. The proposed research will further explore the functional consequences of chronic dehydration, and in particular will examine the basis for the enhanced concentrating ability. Does this reflect changes in the rate of urine formation, changes in hormone levels, or changes in the cellular response to the hormone? How do morphological changes induced by dehydration correlate with changes in function? Are these changes reversible, or do stresses imposed during youth have consequences that continue into adulthood? These studies will help to define the physiological responses of animals to dehydration. They will also examine the relation between structure and function in the avian kidney, about which much remains unknown or speculative. More generally, these studies will examine the flexibility of an important homeostatic system, and will address the general issue of the importance of environmental stresses on developmental pathways. This approach should identify constraints in design and function of the avian kidney. This relates both to the ability of individuals to acclimate to changing environments, as well as to the ability of species to invade and adapt to different habitats.

脱水是许多生物体可能遇到的应激源 在它们的一生中，包括身体生长和器官发育的时期， 发展 脱水会引起激素水平的变化，包括 抗利尿激素水平显著升高， 限制饮水会抑制身体的生长。 这些因素加在一起 可能影响许多器官系统的生长和发育。 这项研究将特别关注脱水的影响 在肾脏的生长发育过程中， 抗利尿激素 私家侦探会在鲍怀特研究这个问题 鹌鹑，一种雏鸟必须自己觅食的物种， 从孵化后不久开始，因此在其中有一个 非常真实的脱水的可能性。 初步数据表明，肾脏的区域（肾 髓质）主要与脱水时的水分保存有关 当鸟类长期受水限制时，它们会肥大。 与此相关的是浓缩尿液的能力增强， 这将有助于加强水资源保护。 拟议 研究将进一步探索慢性病的功能后果 脱水，特别是将审查的基础上，加强 专注能力。 这是否反映了尿速的变化 形成，激素水平的变化，或细胞的变化， 对激素的反应？ 形态学上的变化是如何引起的 脱水与功能改变有关吗 这些变化 可逆的，或者在青年时期施加的压力会产生 一直延续到成年？ 这些研究将有助于确定 动物对脱水的生理反应。 他们还将 研究鸟类的结构和功能之间的关系， 肾脏，关于它还有很多未知或推测。 更 一般来说，这些研究将审查一个重要的 内稳态系统，并将解决的一般问题， 环境压力对发展途径的重要性。 这 方法应确定在设计和功能的限制， 鸟肾 这既关系到个人的能力， 适应不断变化的环境，以及 物种入侵和适应不同的栖息地。