Doctoral Dissertation Research: Disputes, Deformalization, and Discourse: Small Claims Court Reform in Brazil

博士论文研究：争议、非形式化和话语：巴西小额索赔法院改革

• 批准号: 9632453
• 负责人: Laura Nader
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-01-01 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9632453&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Disputes; Deformalization

9632453 Nader Following Brazil's transition to democracy in 1984, the state's emphasis on citizenship and universalistic rights has led to policies seeking to modernize courtroom procedure and access. One result of these policies has been a federal mandate ordering the establishment of special small claims courts. States have established small claims courts which vary dramatically in their constitution and procedure. This research is a comparative ethnographic investigation of two urban Brazilian small claims courts that explores the relationship among civic discussions of rights and citizenship, adjudication, and judicial reform in Brazil. Specifically, the study examines the linkages between judicial deformalization in small claims court procedure and Brazilian conceptions of citizenship and rights. The two small claims courts chosen for the project differ considerably. One as not undergone procedural deformalization whereas the other has. The first phase of the project will begin with archival research specifically focusing on case records, political speeches, newspaper and journal articles, and the publications of local legal organizations. The goal of this phase of the research is to look for trends in litigation and establish the social domain of rights and citizenship discourse. The second phase will consist of courtroom observation and interviews with litigants, state officials, courtroom staff, administrators, and local legal agencies. This phase of the research is designed to document instances of citizenship and rights in practice and elicit ethnographic accounts of these social ideals. %%%%

9632453 Nader 巴西于 1984 年向民主转型后，国家对公民权利和普遍权利的重视导致了寻求法庭程序和准入现代化的政策。这些政策的结果之一是联邦授权命令设立特别小额索赔法院。各州设立了小额索赔法院，其组成和程序差异很大。 本研究是对巴西两个城市小额索赔法院的比较人种学调查，探讨巴西权利和公民权的公民讨论、裁决和司法改革之间的关系。具体来说，该研究探讨了小额索赔法院程序中司法畸形化与巴西公民身份和权利概念之间的联系。为该项目选择的两个小额索赔法院差异很大。一个没有经历程序畸形化，而另一个则经历了。该项目的第一阶段将从档案研究开始，特别关注案件记录、政治演讲、报纸和期刊文章以及当地法律组织的出版物。此阶段研究的目标是寻找诉讼趋势并建立权利和公民话语的社会领域。第二阶段将包括法庭观察以及对诉讼当事人、国家官员、法庭工作人员、管理人员和当地法律机构的采访。 这一阶段的研究旨在记录实践中公民身份和权利的实例，并引出对这些社会理想的民族志描述。 %%%%