Biomimetic Integration of Organic and Inorganic Phases into Composite Materials

有机相和无机相仿生整合到复合材料中

• 批准号: 9634396
• 负责人: Galen Stucky
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-06-15 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9634396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biomimetic; Integration; Organic; Inorganic; Phases

Abstract DMR-9634396 Stucky A team of investigators from University of California, Santa Barbara, in collaboration with researchers at DuPont, propose to develop methods for defining patterning in inorganic/organic composite materials in order to control shape, strength, and thermal transport. The biomimetic patterning that is sought includes both the spatial relationships between the organic and inorganic phases and the long-range hierarchical ordering of the resulting macrostructures. A known method of creating composite materials with well defined patterning is the cooperative assembly of organic surfactants and molecular inorganic species into mesocomposites. In this synthesis, the patterning in the final product is under control of the inorganic/organic interface. The proposed research will address the use of polymer-surfactant assemblies and polymerized inorganic phases to create materials with patterning on longer length scales. Particular emphasis will be placed on using inexpensive calcium carbonate or calcium sulfate as the inorganic phase. The exceptional fracture resistance of sea shells, which are a composite of calcium carbonate and only 1-2% organic material, demonstrates that even inorganic materials that are inherently brittle can be used to form tough composite materials. One of the major determinants of the toughness of shells is the long-range pattering of tabular aragonite crystals in an organic matrix. The process by which the red abalone controls the formation of this structure will be investigated to understand how this complex, tough composite material is synthesized, and knowledge obtained from the biosynthetic system will be applied to the synthesis of composite materials. While patterning on the micrometer length scale in biological systems is thought to be under control of the templating organic species, patterning on longer length scales is believed to be due to a reaction-diffusion mechanism. This research will address composite patterning by nonlinear dynamic reactions, including clock reactions and reaction-diffusion reactions, by tailoring the conditions to the growth of appropriate solid materials. The results of these studies will provide methods for controlling the three-dimensional properties of inorganic/organic composite materials by defining the patterning of the inorganic and organic phases over well defined length scales. %%% One of the accomplishments of nature that has not been emulated by man is the simultaneous synthesis and shaping of constructed objects. The spider and silkworm synthesize silk as they spin it; the molluscs prepare calcium carbonate directly in the desired architecture. The research described in this proposal explores the integration of organic and inorganic phases into patterned composite materials using inorganic/organic interfaces and non-equilibrium chemistry. The premier polymer science and technology which has been developed over many decades at DuPont Central Research and Development will be combined with the academic bio and materials science capabilities at the University of California, Santa Barbara, to provide an industrial, high technology environment for the training of students and execution of the research. In these studies, in vivo biological studies are used to guide the development of the in vitro biomimetic chemistry. The biomimetics approach is interpreted as being well beyond visual similarities or the two-dimensional coating of surfaces, but is viewed in terms of the three- dimensional, long range patterned control of composition, hierarchical structure and nanophase space properties. Organic and inorganic cooperative control of composite assembly, polymer structure direction of patterned inorganic organization, and space time nonequilibrium syntheses will be investigated to achieve this goal. The approaches outlined above, taken in the context of a molecular level understanding of the often elaborate and highly long range ordered assembly of biomateria ls, will lead to the practical design of technologically useful materials with specific properties over sharply defined length scales.

摘要 DMR-9634396 Stucky 来自加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的一组研究人员与杜邦公司的研究人员合作，提出开发定义无机/有机复合材料图案的方法，以控制形状、强度和热传输。所寻求的仿生图案化包括有机相和无机相之间的空间关系以及所得到的宏观结构的长程层次排序。产生具有良好限定的图案化的复合材料的已知方法是有机表面活性剂和分子无机物质协同组装成介观复合材料。在这种合成中，最终产品中的图案化受到无机/有机界面的控制。拟议的研究将解决使用聚合物-表面活性剂组件和聚合无机相来创建具有较长长度尺度图案的材料。将特别强调使用廉价的碳酸钙或硫酸钙作为无机相。贝壳是碳酸钙和仅1-2%有机材料的复合材料，其优异的抗断裂性表明，即使是固有易碎的无机材料也可以用于形成坚韧的复合材料。贝壳韧性的主要决定因素之一是有机基质中片状文石晶体的长程图案。将研究红鲍鱼控制这种结构形成的过程，以了解这种复杂、坚韧的复合材料是如何合成的，并将从生物合成系统中获得的知识应用于复合材料的合成。虽然认为生物系统中微米长度尺度上的图案化受模板有机物质的控制，但认为较长长度尺度上的图案化是由于反应-扩散机制。本研究将通过非线性动力学反应，包括时钟反应和反应扩散反应，通过定制合适的固体材料的生长条件来解决复合图案化。 这些研究的结果将提供控制的无机/有机复合材料的三维性能的方法，通过定义的图案的无机和有机相在良好定义的长度尺度。 自然的成就之一，还没有被人类模仿，是同时合成和塑造建筑物。蜘蛛和蚕在吐丝的过程中合成丝;软体动物直接在所需的结构中制备碳酸钙。该提案中描述的研究探索了使用无机/有机界面和非平衡化学将有机和无机相整合到图案化复合材料中。杜邦中心研发部几十年来开发的一流聚合物科学和技术将与加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的学术生物和材料科学能力相结合，为学生培训和研究执行提供工业高科技环境。在这些研究中，体内生物学研究用于指导体外仿生化学的发展。仿生学方法被解释为远远超出了视觉相似性或表面的二维涂层，而是根据组成、分级结构和纳米相空间性质的三维、长程图案化控制来看待。 为了实现这一目标，将研究复合材料组装的有机和无机协同控制、图案化无机组织的聚合物结构方向以及时空非平衡合成。在对生物材料的通常精细和高度长程有序组装的分子水平理解的背景下采取的上述方法将导致在明确限定的长度尺度上具有特定性质的技术上有用的材料的实际设计。