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Collaborative Research on Political Competition and Decentralization in Democracies

民主国家政治竞争与权力下放的合作研究

基本信息

批准号：
9710014
负责人：
John Miller
金额：
$ 4.95万
依托单位：
Carnegie-Mellon University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1997-07-01 至 2000-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9710014&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Political Competition Decentralization

项目摘要

This collaborative research team employs computational and mathematical models to improve an understanding of the nature and performance of decentralized political systems. The project has two principal goals. The first is to understand better the advantages and disadvantages of different institutional arrangements in federal political systems. More specifically, the investigators study the effects of different degrees of power-sharing and coordination among central and local governments. The methodological goal is to continue extending and analyzing computational models as a methodology in political science and the social sciences in general. In federal systems, there are several layers of institutions, including those in the central government, those that specify relations between the central government and local governments, and those that decide policies at the local level. The basic idea behind the project is that a federal system as a whole (a country or an international organization like the European Union) can benefit when local jurisdictions develop innovative policies, yet incentives for policy experimentation are not independent of institutions set up at the system-wide level or at the local level. The researchers analyze closely models that incorporate institutions resembling those in two federal systems, the United States and the European Union.

该合作研究团队采用计算和数学模型来增进对去中心化政治系统的性质和性能的理解。该项目有两个主要目标。首先是更好地了解联邦政治体系中不同制度安排的优缺点。更具体地说，调查人员研究了中央和地方政府之间不同程度的权力共享和协调的影响。方法论目标是继续扩展和分析计算模型作为政治科学和社会科学的方法论。在联邦体制中，有多层机构，包括中央政府机构、规定中央政府与地方政府关系的机构以及决定地方政策的机构。该项目背后的基本思想是，当地方司法管辖区制定创新政策时，整个联邦体系（一个国家或欧盟等国际组织）可以受益，但政策试验的激励措施并不独立于在整个系统层面或地方层面建立的机构。研究人员仔细分析了包含类似于美国和欧盟这两个联邦体系的机构的模型。