Organic Reactions and Syntheses in Water Solution

水溶液中的有机反应与合成

• 批准号: 9712556
• 负责人: Ronald Breslow
• 金额: $ 55.5万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-01-01 至 2000-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9712556&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Organic; Reactions; Syntheses; Water; Solution

Professor Ronald Breslow, of the Department of Chemistry at Columbia University, is supported by the Organic Synthesis Program for his studies of organic reactions and synthesis in water solution. In addition to the environmental advantages of carrying out chemical reactions in water instead of organic solvents, water can also influence the effectiveness of organic reactions. Thus, for example, the Diels Alder reaction is found to be both faster and more selective when carried out in aqueous solution. Professor Breslow explores the factors influencing such chemical reactions, focusing on hydrophobic effects and on polarity issues. He also exploits the hydrophobic effect in designing cyclodextrin-based catalysts and is developing additional non-cyclodextrin-based synthetic binding agents which also rely on hydrophobic binding. His synthetic bifunctional catalysts permit the determination of the preferred reaction geometries for such reactions as the deprotonation of carbon during enolization. With the support of the Organic Synthesis Program, Professor Ronald Breslow, of the Department of Chemistry at Columbia University, explores chemical reactions in water in place of traditional organic solvents. While the use of water offers clear and significant environmental advantages, it plays a central chemical role as well. Thus, certain chemical reactions are found to be greatly accelerated when carried out in aqueous solution, and they often lead more selectively to specific products. These effects appear to be due, at least in part, to the tendency of many organic molecules to aggregate in water so as to minimize their interfaces with the water solvent. Professor Breslow exploits similar effects in the design and construction of molecules which bind smaller molecules in solution and then carry out desired chemical transformations of the bound molecules, mimicking in many ways the function of enzymes. These studies are leading to an understanding of the factors controlling certain chemical reactions.

哥伦比亚大学化学系的罗纳德布雷斯洛教授 他的研究得到了有机合成项目的支持 水溶液中的有机反应和合成。 除了有 在水中进行化学反应的环境优势 代替有机溶剂，水也可以影响有效性 有机反应。因此，例如，Diels桤木反应是 发现当在水溶液中进行时， 溶液 Breslow教授探讨了影响这种变化的因素， 化学反应，侧重于疏水效应和极性 问题. 他还利用疏水效应设计了 环糊精为基础的催化剂，并正在开发其他 非环糊精基合成粘合剂也依赖于 疏水结合 他的合成双功能催化剂允许 确定这些反应的优选反应几何形状， 烯醇化过程中碳的去质子化。 在有机合成项目的支持下，罗纳德教授 哥伦比亚大学化学系的Breslow研究了 化学反应在水中代替传统的有机溶剂。 虽然水的使用提供了清晰和重要的环境 此外，它还发挥着重要的化学作用。 因此， 发现化学反应在进行时大大加速， 在水溶液中，它们通常更有选择性地导致特定 产品. 这些影响似乎至少部分是由于 许多有机分子在水中聚集的趋势， 使它们与水溶剂的界面最小化。 布雷斯洛教授 在分子的设计和构建中利用了类似的效应 它能与溶液中的小分子结合， 结合分子的化学转变，在许多方面模仿 酶的功能。 这些研究让我们了解到 控制某些化学反应的因素。