Space Weather: Interplanetary Proton-Associated Flares Emphasizing Proton Predictions from Hard X-Ray and Microwave Observations

太空天气：行星际质子相关耀斑强调基于硬 X 射线和微波观测的质子预测

• 批准号: 9713427
• 负责人: Alan Kiplinger
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-15 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9713427&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Space; Weather; Interplanetary; Proton; Associated

Most solar flares are classified as impulsive, having hard X-ray spectra that become relatively more energetic (or 'harden') as fluxes increase, and 'soften' as fluxes decline. Conversely, hard X-ray spectra associated with energetic interplanetary protons progressively 'harden' as fluxes decline. Although coronal mass ejection-associated shocks may produce the majority of interplanetary protons, moderate numbers of high energy protons are also produced by progressively hardening flares; in fact, progressively hardening flares and coronal mass ejections often occur simultaneously. Thus, the investigator will focus on this progressively hardening flare to optimize proton prediction algorithms for both hard X-rays and microwaves. In addition, he pursues a collaboration for modeling the particle acceleration site with a particularly well-observed event, and new observations of hardening flares with a new hard X-ray spectrometer.

大多数太阳耀斑被归类为脉冲，具有硬x射线光谱，随着通量的增加而变得相对更有能量（或“变硬”），而随着通量的下降而“变软”。相反，随着通量的下降，与高能行星际质子相关的硬x射线光谱逐渐“变硬”。虽然日冕物质抛射相关的冲击可能产生大部分行星际质子，但逐渐变硬的耀斑也会产生中等数量的高能质子；事实上，逐渐变硬的耀斑和日冕物质抛射经常同时发生。因此，研究人员将专注于这种逐渐变硬的耀斑，以优化硬x射线和微波的质子预测算法。此外，他还寻求合作，利用一个特别观测到的事件对粒子加速场进行建模，并利用新的硬x射线光谱仪对硬化耀斑进行新的观测。