LExEn: Experimental Studies on Hydrogen Biogeochemistry in Anoxic Environments
LExEn: Experimental Studies on Hydrogen Biogeochemistry in Anoxic Environments
批准号:
9713967
负责人:
William Reeburgh
金额:
$28.0万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
Standard Grant
财政年份:
1997
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
1997-10-15 至 2001-09-30
中文摘要
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英文摘要
9713967 Reeburgh Hydrogen plays a central role in microbial metabolism and is kinetically and thermodynamically maintained at low concentrations. Hydrogen partial pressure is a major control on anoxic systems, and can be supplied biologically and abiologically. Hydrogen can be detected and measured with great sensitivity, but reliable measurements on natural systems are difficult, as disruption of microenvironments by sampling may lead to production and consumption hydrogen. Most studies on hydrogen to date have involved the use of co-cultures, where two organisms are used to set and control the hydrogen partial pressure. This project includes the development and application of an apparatus that will permit setting and controlling the hydrogen partial pressure of a culture system. Rate measurements and gas composition changes occurring in the culture vessel detected by upstream-downstream gas measurements will be used to study methanogenesis, anaerobic methane oxidation (reverse methanogenesis) and isotope fractionation associated with both under a range of hydrogen partial pressures. This project has three goals: 1) To build and operate a culture system in which the hydrogen partial pressure can be set and maintained at varying levels. The approach will be to set the system's hydrogen partial pressure and study microbial behavior under a range of partial pressures. 2) To use this apparatus to test the hypothesis that anaerobic methane oxidation is conducted by methanogens operating in reverse at low hydrogen partial pressures. Studies on pure cultures of methanogens, mixed cultures of methanogens and sulfate reducers, and samples from natural environments where anaerobic oxidation is known to occur will be carried out. 3) To determine C and H stable isotope fractionation factors under a range of growth rate and culture conditions. Fractionation factors are available, but are difficult to apply generally because of the range of conditions under which they were obtained. The apparatus developed in this study will permit upstream-downstream gas phase sampling and determination of isotope fractionation factors under a range of growth rate and substrate conditions. In addition to settling the remaining question of the organisms and mechanisms responsible for anaerobic methane oxidation, this approach will permit determination of isotope (C and H) fractionation factors for both methanogenesis and reverse methanogenesis on pure and mixed cultures under a range of conditions. The techniques for controlling hydrogen concentration developed in this study may be useful in studies of hydrogen metabolism and interspecies hydrogen transfer by other groups of organisms in extreme anoxic environments. Funding is being provided by the Directorate for Biological Sciences, the Directorate for Geosciences and the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities of the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences.
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会议论文
Discrimination of Hydrate and Diagenetic Methane Inputs to the Ocean with Measurements of Natural 14CH4
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批准号:0327776
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2003
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Isotope Studies of Methane Sources in Large Marine Anoxic Basins
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批准号:0099280
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$20.58万
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财政年份:2001
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Quantifying Sources of Atmospheric Methyl Halides
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批准号:0121153
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$39.2万
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财政年份:2001
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
LExEn: Integrated Biogeochemical and Microbiological Studies of Cold, Anoxic Environments
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批准号:0085607
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$56.45万
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财政年份:2000
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
CO2 and Methane Fluxes by Ecosystem Type and the Long-Term Feedback Relationship with the Atmosphere: Methane Fluxes and Control
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批准号:9318531
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$38.96万
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财政年份:1994
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Geochemical and Microbiological Studies on Anaerobic MethaneOxidation
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批准号:9212105
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$11.05万
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财政年份:1992
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Interactions of Arctic Ecosystems with Regional and Global Changes
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批准号:9216138
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$7.78万
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财政年份:1992
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Continued Geochemical and Microbiological Studies on Anaerobic Methane Oxidation
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批准号:8917653
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$23.99万
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财政年份:1990
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
U.S.-Australia Cooperative Research: Geochemical Studies on Australia's Northwest Shelf
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批准号:8814483
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$1.02万
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财政年份:1989
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Glacial Damming of Russell Fjord, Alaska: Observation of the Onset of Anoxia
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批准号:8617750
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$1.81万
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财政年份:1986
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Geochemical and Microbiological Studies on Anaerobic Methane Oxidation
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批准号:8519534
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$36.77万
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财政年份:1986
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Continued Isotope Studies of the Sulfate-Methane Transition Zone in Marine Sediments. II.
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批准号:8400864
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$28.54万
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财政年份:1984
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Studies of the Sulfate-Methane Transition Zone
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批准号:8117882
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$22.97万
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财政年份:1982
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Continued Studies of Convective Interstitial Water Replacement in Shallow Water Sediments
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批准号:8026046
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$4.01万
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财政年份:1981
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Isotope Studies of the Sulfate-Methane Transition Zone in Marine Sediments
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批准号:7919250
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$14.23万
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财政年份:1979
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Travel to Attend: Conference on Carbon, Nitrogen and Sulfur Cycling in Sediments; Sonderborg, Denmark, May 5-9, 1980
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批准号:8003525
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$0.13万
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财政年份:1979
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Studies of Convective Interstitial Water Replacement in Shallow Water Sediments
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批准号:7820896
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$5.82万
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财政年份:1978
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Equipment For Upgrading Nutrient Analysis Capability
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批准号:7722728
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$1.09万
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财政年份:1978
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Kinetic Studies of Ch4 Consumption in Marine Sediments
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批准号:7608891
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$10.36万
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财政年份:1976
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
Stable Isotope Tracer Studies on Boron in Natural Waters
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批准号:7602570
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$4.29万
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财政年份:1976
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负责人:William Reeburgh
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依托单位:
海外基金