Characterization of a Limb Autotomy Factor, LAFpro, that Suspends Molting in Crustaceans

暂停甲壳类动物蜕皮的肢体自切因子 LAFpro 的表征

• 批准号: 9723576
• 负责人: Donald Mykles
• 金额: $ 14.25万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-08-01 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9723576&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Characterization; Limb; Autotomy; Factor; LAFpro

9723576 Mykles Crabs and lobsters grow by periodically shedding the hard exoskeleton. This process, called molting, increases interior space for tissue growth. Successful molting requires the precise coordination of organ systems. In preparation for molting, the first two layers of the new exoskeleton are formed and the innermost layers of the old exoskeleton are broken down and resorbed, while lost walking legs are regenerated. Molting is regulated by hormones produced by endocrine organs located in the eyestalks and body. Previous studies, however, indicate that control of molting is more complex. If a regenerating walking leg is removed before the animal molts, molting is delayed 2-3 weeks, which allows time for the lost tissue to be regenerated. The PI has recently shown that the regenerating tissue produces a factor, termed limb autotomy factor-proecdysis (LAFpro) that suspends molting in land crabs. The primary goal of this project is to purify and characterize LAFpro. The proposal consists of two specific aims: (1) establish the mechanism by which molting is suspended and (2) isolate and characterize putative LAFpro from regenerating tissues. This research has broad application to understanding the control of growth in arthropods as a whole. Suspension of molting by tissue regeneration is not unique to crustaceans. Regeneration also delays molting in a variety of insects. This suggests a common mechanism. If so, the PI hopes to develop entirely new strategies for controlling insect pests.

9723576 Mykles螃蟹和龙虾通过周期性地脱落坚硬的外骨骼来生长。这个过程被称为蜕皮，增加组织生长的内部空间。成功的蜕皮需要器官系统的精确协调。为了准备蜕皮，新外骨骼的前两层形成，旧外骨骼的最内层被分解和吸收，而失去的行走腿则被再生。脱毛是由眼柄和身体内分泌器官分泌的激素调控的。然而，先前的研究表明，对换羽的控制更为复杂。如果在动物蜕皮之前切除再生的行走腿，蜕皮将推迟2-3周，这使得丢失的组织有时间再生。PI最近表明，再生组织产生一种因子，称为肢体自切因子-前解（LAFpro），可以暂停陆地蟹的蜕皮。该项目的主要目标是纯化和表征LAFpro。该提案包括两个具体目标：(1)建立脱皮暂停的机制；(2)从再生组织中分离和表征假定的LAFpro。本研究对了解节肢动物的整体生长控制具有广泛的应用价值。通过组织再生而中止换羽的现象并非甲壳类动物所独有。再生还会延迟多种昆虫的蜕皮。这暗示了一个共同的机制。如果是这样的话，PI希望开发出控制害虫的全新策略。