Viruses in Pack Ice Communities of the Ross Sea, Antarctica

南极洲罗斯海浮冰群落中的病毒

• 批准号: 9725136
• 负责人: Marcia Gowing
• 金额: $ 28.69万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-15 至 2003-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9725136&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Viruses; Pack; Ice; Communities; Ross

Abstract P.I. Marcia Gowing OPP97-25136 Viruses in Pack Ice Communities of the Ross Sea, Antarctica Primary productivity of sea ice algal communities in the Southern Ocean is significant. In lower latitudes, processes such as grazing and lysis by viruses are thought to control algal populations, but there are few data on grazing within ice communities and no data on viruses of ice algae. Ice communities should be excellent sites for studying viral control of populations of eukaryotic algae and protozoans because populations can reach high densitites and many habitats are nearly closed for parts of the year. This study will use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of individual eukaryotic algal and protozoan cells and light microscopy and TEM of water samples to assess viral infections and viral populations in a variety of pack ice communities from the Ross Sea. The objectives are (1) to determine the extent of the occurrence of viruses within cells of algae and protozoans in ice communities and to estimate the percentage of infected cells, (2) to relate the extent of the occurrence of viruses within cells to the stages of succession of sea ice communities (3) to assess the potential for ice communities to seed viruses to the pelagial, (4) to determine the extent of ingestion of virus- like particles by sea ice protozooplankton, (5) to compare these features of ice communities to those of phytoplankton and protozooplankton assemblages in the seawater directly under the ice and (6) to describe and quantify the size structure of the free virus-like particles in the intersitital water of ice communities and in the seawater directly under the ice. Thus study will contribute to the understanding of sea ice community ecology and will allow incorporation of viruses of eukaryotic algae and protozoans into models of carbon flow for the Antarctic.

摘要 P.I.玛西亚·高英 OPP97-25136 南极罗斯海浮冰群落中的病毒 南大洋海冰藻类群落的初级生产力很重要。 在低纬度地区，放牧和病毒裂解等过程被认为是控制藻类种群的因素，但关于冰群落内放牧的数据很少，也没有关于冰藻病毒的数据。 冰群落应该是研究真核藻类和原生动物种群病毒控制的绝佳场所，因为种群可以达到高密度，许多栖息地在一年中的部分时间几乎关闭。 这项研究将使用透射电子显微镜（TEM）的个别真核藻类和原生动物细胞和光学显微镜和TEM的水样，以评估病毒感染和病毒种群在各种包装冰社区从罗斯海。 目的是（1）确定冰群落中藻类和原生动物细胞内病毒发生的程度，并估计受感染细胞的百分比，（2）将细胞内病毒发生的程度与海冰群落的演替阶段联系起来，（3）评估冰群落向浮游生物播种病毒的潜力，（4）确定海冰原生浮游动物摄取病毒样颗粒的程度，（5）将冰群落的这些特征与冰下海水中浮游植物和浮游原生动物群落的特征进行比较;（6）描述和量化游离病毒的大小结构-就像冰群落的间隙水中的颗粒和冰下的海水中的颗粒。 因此，这项研究将有助于理解海冰群落生态学，并将允许将真核藻类和原生动物的病毒纳入南极碳流模型。