Collaborative Research: Kinematics and Strain Localization in the Himalaya and Tibet

合作研究：喜马拉雅山和西藏的运动学和应变定位

• 批准号: 9725563
• 负责人: Jeffrey Freymueller
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-04-15 至 2001-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9725563&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Kinematics; Strain; Localization

9725563 Freymueller This project is aimed at understanding the details of the collision between two continental plates - India and Asia. GPS (Global Positioning System) geodesy will be used to measure the motion of some 100 points distributed throughout parts of the collision zone, between the northern plains of India, and the Tarim basin north of Tibet. In particular, the P.I.s are interested in the unique processes that occur beneath southern Tibet and the Greater Himalaya because these appear to be close to the nucleation zone of great earthquakes whose future recurrence will be disastrous to the populations of northern India and Nepal. The study builds on their 1997 finding that the Himalaya are contracting north-south at a rate of 21+-3 mm/year, but that this contraction is largely concentrated in a zone less than 100 km wide. It appears that Tibet may also be contracting at 5-10 mm/year. Observations indicate it is probable that Himalayan contraction is largely elastic (strain energy developing for future great earthquakes), and that Tibetan contraction at depth is largely plastic (driving east-west expansion of the plateau and surface seismicity). The measurements the P.I.s propose are designed to provide constraints on the physics underlying these processes, and details of the transition zone between them. ***

小行星9725563 该项目旨在了解印度和亚洲两个大陆板块之间碰撞的细节。GPS（全球定位系统）大地测量将用于测量分布在印度北方平原和西藏北部塔里木盆地之间的碰撞带部分地区的约100个点的运动。 特别是，研究人员对发生在西藏南部和大喜马拉雅山脉下的独特过程感兴趣，因为这些地方似乎靠近大地震的成核区，未来再次发生的大地震将对印度北方和尼泊尔的人口造成灾难性的影响。 这项研究的基础是他们1997年的发现，即喜马拉雅山正以每年21+-3毫米的速度南北收缩，但这种收缩主要集中在宽度不到100公里的区域。 西藏也可能以每年5-10毫米的速度收缩。 观测表明，喜马拉雅山的收缩很可能主要是弹性的（应变能为未来的大地震发展），而西藏的深度收缩很可能是塑性的（驱动高原的东西扩张和地表地震活动）。 P.I.提出的测量旨在提供对这些过程的物理基础的约束，以及它们之间过渡区的细节。 ***