Collaborative Research: Mapping the kinematics and dynamics of tidal ocean currents with surface drifters

合作研究：利用表面漂流物绘制潮汐洋流的运动学和动力学图

• 批准号: 1851166
• 负责人: Shane Elipot
• 金额: $ 33.55万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-15 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1851166&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Mapping; kinematics; dynamics

This project is concerned with quantifying and mapping diurnal and semi-diurnal baroclinic tides, that is, internal waves in the ocean that are the result of the loss of energy from the barotropic tides forced by the Sun and the Moon. This work will primarily use a unique dataset of oceanic near-surface hourly currents provided by the trajectories of surface drifting buoys from the Global Drifter Program (GDP). The approach is guided by an analysis of tidal energetics which distinguishes between time-mean, or phase-locked, baroclinic tides and time-variable, or non-phase-locked, baroclinic tides. The GDP dataset is both large enough and sufficiently accurate that it should permit quantitative assessment of both types of baroclinic tides, and specifically test theoretical models for the scattering of phase-locked tides into non-phase-locked tides. In addition, the analyses will permit the mapping---for both phase-locked and non-phase-locked tides---of dissipation rate coefficients and their associated dynamical processes, which can be distinct based on geographical locations and environmental conditions. Such mapping will provide much needed information for improving the realism and physical parameterization of tidal mixing in ocean general circulation models. The work will contribute to the goal of measuring on a global scale upper-ocean currents which ubiquitously exhibit energetic oscillations at tidal frequencies. Improved prediction of ocean surface currents will have societal impacts for stakeholders ranging from the shipping industry to seasonal climate forecasters. The project will also contribute to a climate-themed educational program including summer camps, hands-n activites, and enhancements to existing school field trip programs.Estimates of the phase-locked tides are presently available from the analysis of satellite altimeter data,and these estimates have led to the creation of baroclinic tide models, which this project will test and extend using the GDP data. As tidal dynamics includes both wave scattering and wave dissipation, testing these models will place constraints on the range of physically plausible parameterizations for these processes on regional and global scales. Finally, the GDP data shall be systematically compared with outputs of a tide and mesoscale-resolving ocean global circulation model, an exercise which will be useful for validating the model simulations as well as providing a useful context for understanding potential biases of the GDP observations and statistical methods applied. This project will generate new knowledge concerning tidal currents in order to better understand tidal dynamics and their role in the maintenance of the global thermohaline ocean circulation. The new drifter dataset that will be utilized to investigate baroclinic tidal phenomena is both large enough and unique (temporally, spatially and accuracy wise) to provide a quantitative description of tidal properties. In addition, qualitative and potentially new assessments of tidal/non-tidal interactions will be obtained, including their seasonal and longer temporal variability. A novel decomposition of the tidal energy budget, which separates processes primarily affecting phase-locked and non-phase-locked tidal signals, is proposed to guide the analysis and interpretation of the drifter observations, as well as altimetry data and numerical simulations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目涉及量化和绘制全日和半日斜压潮汐，即海洋中的内波，这些内波是太阳和月亮强迫的正压潮汐能量损失的结果。这项工作将主要使用由全球漂流方案(GDP)的海面漂流浮标轨迹提供的独特的海洋近水面每小时水流数据集。这一方法是由潮汐能量分析指导的，该分析区分了时间平均或锁相斜压潮汐和时变或非锁相斜压潮汐。国内生产总值数据集既足够大又足够准确，应该能够对这两种类型的斜压潮汐进行定量评估，并具体测试锁相潮汐向非锁相潮汐散射的理论模型。此外，分析将允许-对于锁相和非锁相潮汐-绘制消散率系数及其相关的动力过程，这可以根据地理位置和环境条件而有所不同。这种绘图将为改进海洋环流模式中潮汐混合的真实性和物理参数化提供急需的信息。这项工作将有助于实现在全球范围内测量上层洋流的目标，这些洋流在潮汐频率上普遍表现出能量振荡。改进对海洋表面流的预测将对从航运业到季节性气候预报员等利益攸关方产生社会影响。该项目还将促进以气候为主题的教育计划，包括夏令营、动手活动和对现有学校实地旅行计划的增强。目前可以从卫星高度计数据分析中获得锁相潮汐的估计，这些估计导致创建斜压潮汐模型，该项目将使用国内生产总值数据进行测试和扩展。由于潮汐动力学既包括波浪散射又包括波浪耗散，测试这些模型将限制这些过程在区域和全球尺度上的物理上可信的参数范围。最后，应将国内生产总值数据与潮汐和中尺度分辨率海洋全球环流模式的产出进行系统比较，这将有助于验证模型模拟，并为理解国内生产总值观测和采用的统计方法的潜在偏差提供有用的背景。该项目将产生有关潮流的新知识，以便更好地了解潮汐动力学及其在维持全球温盐海洋环流方面的作用。将用于研究斜压潮汐现象的新的漂移数据集既足够大，也足够独特(在时间、空间和精度方面)，以提供对潮汐特性的定量描述。此外，还将对潮汐/非潮汐相互作用进行定性和潜在的新评估，包括它们的季节性和更长的时间变异性。提出了一种新的潮汐能量预算分解，将主要影响锁相和非锁相潮汐信号的过程分开，以指导对漂移观测以及测高数据和数值模拟的分析和解释。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Surface Kinetic Energy Distributions in the Global Oceans From a High‐Resolution Numerical Model and Surface Drifter Observations

• DOI: 10.1029/2019gl083074
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Xiaolong Yu;A. Ponte;S. Elipot;D. Menemenlis;E. Zaron;R. Abernathey

Measuring Global Mean Sea Level Changes With Surface Drifting Buoys

• DOI: 10.1029/2020gl091078
• 发表时间: 2019-09
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: S. Elipot

Near‐Surface Oceanic Kinetic Energy Distributions From Drifter Observations and Numerical Models

来自漂流者观测和数值模型的近地表海洋动能分布

• DOI: 10.1029/2022jc018551
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Arbic, Brian K.;Elipot, Shane;Brasch, Jonathan M.;Menemenlis, Dimitris;Ponte, Aurélien L.;Shriver, Jay F.;Yu, Xiaolong;Zaron, Edward D.;Alford, Matthew H.;Buijsman, Maarten C.
• 通讯作者: Buijsman, Maarten C.