Katabatic Winds in Eastern Antarctica and Their Interaction with Sea Ice

南极洲东部的下降风及其与海冰的相互作用

• 批准号: 9725843
• 负责人: Gerd Wendler
• 金额: $ 33.11万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9725843&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Katabatic; Winds; Eastern; Antarctica; Their

This project is the continuation of an internationally collaborative (U.S.-French-Australian) study of katabatic winds along the coast of East Antarctica. It is based on two lines of automatic weather stations, one from Dumont d'Urville, the French station, inland to Dome C at an altitude of greater than 3200 meters, the other along the coast. The coastal array includes stations at Cape Denison and Port Martin, which have recorded the highest average surface wind speeds on the globe (a monthly average of 62 mph). One additional automatic weather station will be installed 15 km inland where model results predict even higher average wind speeds. These winds drive the sea ice offshore, and are responsible for extremely high heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere. Satellite-based active microwave imagery (Synthetic Aperture Radar) will be combined with the observed meteorological data to analyze the formation persistence and size of offshore polynyas as a function of wind speed. The effort to produce a numerical model of the regional atmospheric structure will continue, with the incorporation of a more detailed terrain map, and a new mesoscale model developed by the principal investigator's French colleagues. In conjunction with the Australian and Japanese station networks to the west of this study area, this work will allow an assessment of the influence of cyclonic storm systems on the drainage flow along the antarctic coast. ***

该项目是国际合作的延续（美国-（法国-澳大利亚）沿南极洲东部海岸沿着下降风的研究。 它基于两条自动气象站线，一条从法国的Dumont d 'Urville站，内陆到海拔3200米以上的Dome C，另一条沿着海岸。 沿海阵列包括丹尼森角和马丁港的台站，这两个台站记录了地球仪上最高的平均表面风速（月平均风速为62英里/小时）。 另外一个自动气象站将安装在内陆15公里处，模型结果预测平均风速甚至更高。 这些风将海冰推向近海，并导致从海洋到大气的极高热通量。 卫星主动微波成像（合成孔径雷达）将与观测到的气象数据相结合，分析作为风速函数的近海冰穴的形成、持续性和大小。 制作区域大气结构数值模型的工作将继续进行，其中将纳入更详细的地形图和主要研究员的法国同事开发的新的中尺度模型。 与澳大利亚和日本站网络的西部本研究区，这项工作将允许气旋风暴系统的影响进行评估的排水流量沿着南极海岸。 ***