U.S.-France Cooperative Research: XAFS Spectroscopic Study of the Chemical Speciation of Lead, Arsenic, and Zinc in Contaminated Soils and Mine Tailings

这项为期三年的奖励为美法合作研究铅、砷和锌在受冶炼厂影响的土壤中的形态以及从法国（阿尔代什和阿列）和美国（科罗拉多州莱德维尔和加州主矿脉国）收集的采矿废物提供支助。此次合作的研究人员包括斯坦福大学的Gordon E. Brown和巴黎第六和第七大学的George Calas。污染物元素的形态是其在环境中的迁移、毒性、生物利用度和命运的主要决定因素。为了确定影响物种形成和物种转化的因素，研究人员将对影响这些污染元素的化学过程进行平行研究。斯坦福大学和巴黎大学的同步加速器设备将用于这些研究。美国研究者为这次合作带来了环境地球化学、x射线吸收光谱和x射线光电子光谱方面的专业知识。法国在同步加速器x射线荧光测绘和衍射分析方面的技术专长对这一工作进行了补充。该项目将为这些有毒重元素的风险评估和修复设计提供科学依据。

This three-year award provides support for US-France cooperative research on the speciation of lead, arsenic and zinc in smelter-impacted soils and mining wastes collected from locations in France (Ardeche and Allier) and locations in the United States (Leadville, Colorado and the Mother Lode Country of California). The collaboration involves researchers Gordon E. Brown at Stanford University and George Calas at the University of Paris VI and VII). Speciation of contaminant elements is a major determinant of their mobility, toxicity, bioavailability and fate in the environment. In order to determine factors affecting speciation and transformation of species, the investigators will perform parallel studies of chemical processes affecting these contaminant elements. Synchrotron facilities at Stanford and University of Paris will be used in these studies. The US investigator brings to this collaboration expertise in environmental geochemistry and x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This is complemented by French technical expertise in synchrotron x-ray fluorescence mapping and diffraction analysis. The project will improve the scientific basis for risk assessment and remediation design for these toxic heavy elements.