The Impact of Genome-Size Variation on Floral Evolution in Silene

基因组大小变异对 Silene 花进化的影响

• 批准号: 9726580
• 负责人: Thomas Meagher
• 金额: $ 9.1万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-05-15 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9726580&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Impact; Genome; Size; Variation; Floral

9726580 Meagher The evolutionary basis of flower-size variation in insect pollinated species has been an area of active interest and investigation in recent years. Results from our studies of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia suggest that specific changes in cell DNA content are related to flower-size evolution. The first major objective of this study is to determine the nature of the genetic changes associated with genome-size variation. In order to gain further insight into genetic mechanisms underlying flower size, we plan to measure the magnitude of the relationship between changes in DNA content at specific sites on chromosomes to changes in flower size. Results from this part of the study will establish the precise physical relationship between these characters. Our second objective of the proposed study is to determine the generality of this relationship between flower size and genome size by expanding our survey to include species from other sections of the genus Silene. Results from this work will help to determine the relationship between non-coding DNA and evolution of morphological characters. From a classical viewpoint, variation in morphological characters is thought to be based on variation at genetic loci that code for specific proteins. Our work is looking at morphological variation in a different way, and we aim to demonstrate that non-coding DNA is important in morphological evolution. This work also has applied implications as well. There is a growing interest in identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) in plant and animal breeding for purposes of targeting efforts for stock improvement. An underlying assumption in such efforts is that QTL will be based on coding genes that could ultimately be manipulated through breeding or genetic engineering. Our work would suggest that QTL could in fact be based on alternative forms of DNA variation that would require different strategies for alteration and development.

小行星9726580 近年来，昆虫传粉植物花大小变异的进化基础一直是研究的热点。 我们对雌雄异株植物宽叶蝇子草的研究结果表明，细胞DNA含量的特定变化与花的大小进化有关。 本研究的第一个主要目标是确定与基因组大小变异相关的遗传变化的性质。 为了进一步了解花大小的遗传机制，我们计划测量染色体上特定位点的DNA含量变化与花大小变化之间的关系。 这部分研究的结果将建立这些特征之间精确的物理关系。 我们提出的研究的第二个目标是通过扩大我们的调查，包括来自其他科的属蝇子草的物种，以确定花的大小和基因组大小之间的这种关系的一般性。 本研究结果将有助于进一步明确非编码DNA与形态性状进化的关系。 从经典的观点来看，形态特征的变异被认为是基于编码特定蛋白质的遗传位点的变异。 我们的工作是以不同的方式观察形态变异，我们的目标是证明非编码DNA在形态进化中的重要性。 这项工作也有应用的影响。 在植物和动物育种中鉴定数量性状基因座（QTL）以用于家畜改良的目标努力的兴趣越来越大。 这种努力的一个基本假设是，QTL将基于最终可以通过育种或遗传工程操纵的编码基因。 我们的工作表明，QTL实际上可能是基于DNA变异的替代形式，这将需要不同的策略来改变和发展。