Integrating remote sensing and ground-based spectral analysis to investigate biodiversity of archaeological sites in Amazonia

整合遥感和地面光谱分析来调查亚马逊考古遗址的生物多样性

• 批准号: ST/P003281/1
• 负责人: Thomas Meagher
• 金额: $ 3.95万
• 依托单位: University of St Andrews
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FP003281%2F1
• 关键词: Integrating; remote; sensing; ground; based

There is growing evidence and awareness that human impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity are leading to significant implications for sustainability. Amazonia is a critically important biome in terms of: potential impacts of development (e.g. deforestation), sustainability of indigenous peoples and their livelihood, and sustainability of biodiversity and ecosystem services with global impact. Modern land uses such as urbanization, intensive agriculture or extensive conversion to pasture is already showing devastating effects on Amazonian biodiversity. Until recently, the Amazon was considered to be pristine forest, barely occupied by people in the past. Researchers have now come to agree that at least the riverine areas of the basin were densely occupied While there is keen awareness of contemporary anthropic effects, Amazonia is in fact a laboratory for investigation of long-term impacts of anthropic influence. Emerging technologies will shed light on ancient human footprints on biodiversity which in turn will help us to better understand current and future anthropic impacts and potentially develop mitigation strategies which will inform national and global efforts towards biodiversity conservation and sustainability.The overarching objective of this project is to implement and demonstrate a novel approach to investigation of anthropic impacts on biodiversity in the Amazonian rainforest. This will be achieved by developing a multidisciplinary team that includes remote sensing expertise, archaeologists, and plant biodiversity expertise. Our plan is to demonstrate the usefulness and power of integrating ground-based spectral analysis of vegetation (NIR - near infrared spectroscopy) with aerial survey data using NIR to develop a method for analysing local biodiversity that is scalable to much larger areas by remote sensing. This will enable analysis of the impact of past human activity on biodiversity, and it will also enable investigation of that human footprint across a larger landscape. The programme of work includes a UK inception workshop, a Brazilian workshop, and a field demonstration project. This project has grown out of scientific networks established under STFC/NERC Global Challenges Network on Bioinformatics and Environmental Omics. Networking activities through these programmes have also established an interface with the "Terra Preta de Indio Network" (TPInet: http://tpinet.org).The purpose of the present STFC Futures proposal is to consolidate a potential research network involving EOS and integrating across strengths at STFC RAL-Space (remote sensing), St Andrews (plant diversity and conservation), RBG Kew (plant diversity and conservation, remote sensing), Cardiff (TPINet)., and USP, Brazil (archaeology) to develop advanced remote sensing technologies for investigation of long-term anthropic impacts on Amazonian ecosystems.

越来越多的证据和认识表明，人类对生态系统和生物多样性的影响正在对可持续性产生重大影响。亚马逊河流域是一个极其重要的生物群落区，涉及以下方面：发展的潜在影响（如毁林）、土著人民及其生计的可持续性、具有全球影响的生物多样性和生态系统服务的可持续性。现代土地利用，如城市化、集约农业或大面积改为牧场，已经对亚马逊河流域的生物多样性产生了破坏性影响。直到最近，亚马逊还被认为是原始森林，过去几乎没有人居住。研究人员现在一致认为，至少该盆地的沿河地区人口稠密。虽然人们对当代人类影响有着敏锐的认识，但亚马逊河流域实际上是一个研究人类影响长期影响的实验室。新兴技术将揭示古代人类对生物多样性的足迹，这反过来将有助于我们更好地了解当前和未来的人类影响，并可能制定缓解战略，这将为国家和全球的生物多样性保护和可持续性的努力提供信息。这将通过建立一个多学科小组来实现，其中包括遥感专业知识，考古学家和植物生物多样性专业知识。我们的计划是证明的有用性和权力整合地面光谱分析植被（近红外光谱）与航空测量数据使用近红外开发一种方法来分析当地的生物多样性，可扩展到更大的地区遥感。这将有助于分析过去人类活动对生物多样性的影响，也有助于调查人类在更大范围内的足迹。工作方案包括一个联合王国的初期讲习班、一个巴西讲习班和一个实地示范项目。该项目源于STFC/NERC生物信息学和环境组学全球挑战网络下建立的科学网络。通过这些方案开展的联网活动还建立了与“Terra Preta de印第奥Network”（TPInet：http://tpinet.org）的接口。与巴西南太平洋大学（考古学）合作，开发先进的遥感技术，调查人类活动对亚马逊生态系统的长期影响。

项目成果

Patterned Villagescapes and Road Networks in Ancient Southwestern Amazonia

古代亚马逊流域西南部的图案村庄景观和道路网络

• DOI: 10.1017/laq.2020.79
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Latin American Antiquity
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Saunaluoma S

Identifying species from the air: UAVs and the very high resolution challenge for plant conservation.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188714
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Baena S;Moat J;Whaley O;Boyd DS
• 通讯作者: Boyd DS

UAVs in pursuit of plant conservation - Real world experiences

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2017.11.001
• 发表时间: 2017-11
• 期刊: Ecol. Informatics
• 作者: S. Baena;D. Boyd;J. Moat

UAV survey at archaeological earthwork sites in the Brazilian state of Acre, southwestern Amazonia

• DOI: 10.1002/arp.1747
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Archaeological Prospection
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Sanna Saunaluoma;Niko Anttiroiko;J. Moat