Functional Evolution of Locomoter Posture in Vertebrates

脊椎动物运动姿势的功能进化

• 批准号: 9727212
• 负责人: Stephen Reilly
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-03-01 至 1999-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9727212&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Functional; Evolution; Locomoter; Posture; Vertebrates

Reilly 9727212 In vertebrate locomotion there is a general paradigm that limb postures in tetrapods have evolved from a sprawling posture, with the limbs held laterally to the body, to an erect posture, with the limbs held directly under the body. Accordingly, a three grade system (sprawling, semi-erect , and erect postures) has been widely used to categorize locomotor anatomies and their presumed functional mechanisms in tetrapods. However, to define and understand this biomechanical transition, we need data on the ground reaction forces generated by the footfalls of a variety of animals using different postural grades to be able to understand how the dynamics of propulsive forces change with limb position during locomotion. The goal of this project is to develop a four-step force plate system to record ground reaction forces from small vertebrate animals. The system will be designed for the size and gait characteristics of a series of vertebrates representing all of the classes. Force plates will be constructed and calibrated and then preliminary studies of representative species will be undertaken to demonstrate the utility of the system and to prepare for larger scaled integrative studies that will simultaneously record ground reaction force , kinematic and electomyographical patterns in species spanning the sprawling to erect transition.

Reilly 9727212在脊椎动物的运动中，有一个普遍的范式，即四足动物的肢体姿势已经从四肢横向于身体的伸展姿势进化到四肢直接位于身体下方的直立姿势。因此，一个三级系统（伸展，半直立，直立姿势）已被广泛用于分类运动解剖学和他们的假定功能机制在四足动物。然而，为了定义和理解这种生物力学转变，我们需要使用不同姿势等级的各种动物的脚步产生的地面反作用力的数据，以便能够理解运动过程中推进力的动态变化与肢体位置的关系。本计画的目标是发展一个四阶测力板系统，以记录小型脊椎动物的地面反作用力。该系统将被设计用于代表所有类别的一系列脊椎动物的大小和步态特征。将建立和校准测力板，然后对代表性物种进行初步研究，以证明该系统的实用性，并为更大规模的综合研究做准备，这些研究将同时记录物种从蔓延到直立过渡的地面反作用力、运动学和肌电图模式。