Muscle Mechanics in Squid: An Integrated Analysis of Muscle Fiber Specialization

9728707 Kier对不同动物的横纹肌细胞进行比较，揭示了其显著的性能差异。这种专门化既取决于细胞化学成分的变化，也取决于细胞组成部分的排列和尺寸的变化。先前关于这一主题的许多研究都集中在脊椎动物肌肉上，其中肌肉纤维的特化主要是通过化学成分的变化发生的。然而，关于无脊椎动物肌肉特化的研究很少，尽管事实上在这些动物中观察到的横纹肌结构和性能的范围更大。本研究研究的肌肉细胞为鱿鱼臂的斜纹细胞和触手的交叉纹细胞。以往的研究表明，这两种细胞在超微结构上存在显著差异，这些差异的生理意义已被假设，但这些细胞的实际生理性能尚未得到研究。最近的研究还表明，触角的交叉横纹肌细胞是通过个体发育和系统发育从斜横纹肌纤维类型中衍生出来的。本研究将为探索和记录横纹纤维结构专门化的生理意义提供机会。这将是两种肌肉类型的基本生理参数的首次测量。这些数据将用于测试和完善触手撞击的前向动力学模型。

9728707 Kier Comparison of striated muscle cells from a diversity of animals reveals a remarkable range of performance. This specialization depends both on variation in the chemical composition of the cells and on variation in the arrangement and dimensions of the components of the cells. Much of the previous research on this topic has been focused on vertebrate muscle, in which muscle fiber specialization occurs primarily through variation in chemical composition. Little research has been done, however, on muscle specialization in invertebrates, in spite of the fact that a much greater range of striated muscle structure and performance is observed in these animals. The muscle cells to be studied in this investigation are the obliquely striated cells of the arms and the cross striated cells of the tentacles of the squid Loligo pealei. Previous research has shown remarkable differences in the ultrastructure of the two cell types and the physiological implications of these differences have been hypothesized, yet the actual physiological performance of these cells has not been studied. Recent studies also suggest that the cross striated muscle cells of the tentacle are derived, both through ontogeny and phylogeny, from an obliquely striated muscle fiber type. This study will offer the opportunity to explore and to document the physiological implications of the structural specializations of the cross striated fibers. This will be the first measurement of the basic physiological parameters of the two muscle types. These data will be used to test and refine a forward-dynamics model of the tentacle strike.