Muscle Mechanics in Squid: An Integrated Analysis of Muscle Fiber Specialization

9728707 Kier来自多种动物的横纹肌细胞的比较揭示了显着的性能范围。 这种特化既取决于细胞化学成分的变化，也取决于细胞成分的排列和尺寸的变化。 以前关于这一主题的许多研究都集中在脊椎动物的肌肉上，其中肌肉纤维的特化主要通过化学成分的变化发生。 然而，关于无脊椎动物肌肉特化的研究很少，尽管在这些动物中观察到更大范围的横纹肌结构和性能。 本研究所研究的肌肉细胞是乌贼Loligo pealei臂的斜纹细胞和触手的横纹细胞。 先前的研究表明，这两种细胞类型的超微结构存在显着差异，并且已经假设了这些差异的生理意义，但尚未研究这些细胞的实际生理性能。 最近的研究还表明，肌腱的横纹肌细胞是通过个体发育和胚胎发育从斜纹肌纤维类型衍生而来的。 这项研究将提供机会，探索和记录的生理意义的结构特化的横纹纤维。 这将是两种肌肉类型的基本生理参数的首次测量。 这些数据将被用来测试和完善一个前向动力学模型的tennis罢工。

9728707 Kier Comparison of striated muscle cells from a diversity of animals reveals a remarkable range of performance. This specialization depends both on variation in the chemical composition of the cells and on variation in the arrangement and dimensions of the components of the cells. Much of the previous research on this topic has been focused on vertebrate muscle, in which muscle fiber specialization occurs primarily through variation in chemical composition. Little research has been done, however, on muscle specialization in invertebrates, in spite of the fact that a much greater range of striated muscle structure and performance is observed in these animals. The muscle cells to be studied in this investigation are the obliquely striated cells of the arms and the cross striated cells of the tentacles of the squid Loligo pealei. Previous research has shown remarkable differences in the ultrastructure of the two cell types and the physiological implications of these differences have been hypothesized, yet the actual physiological performance of these cells has not been studied. Recent studies also suggest that the cross striated muscle cells of the tentacle are derived, both through ontogeny and phylogeny, from an obliquely striated muscle fiber type. This study will offer the opportunity to explore and to document the physiological implications of the structural specializations of the cross striated fibers. This will be the first measurement of the basic physiological parameters of the two muscle types. These data will be used to test and refine a forward-dynamics model of the tentacle strike.