Dissertation Research: Cold War Conservation: International Science, National Resources, and Reproductive Limits

这篇论文通过关注战后国际保护及其对土地利用规划和人口控制的影响，探索了二十世纪生物决定论历史中未被研究的方面。国际战后保护工作发挥了主要作用，表明生物科学和社会科学之间的关系得到了修订。弗兰克·弗雷泽·达林、朱利安·赫胥黎、费尔菲尔德·奥斯本和威廉·沃格特声称，如果人类物种要生存下去，生物学必须是社会秩序的仲裁者。环境决定种群的最佳密度意味着只有生物学家才能判断什么是数量上和质量上合适的种群。这四位国际人物是热心的自然保护者，他们参与了联合国教科文组织承认的非政府组织--国际自然保护联盟(IUNC)的成立。通过对20世纪50年代世界自然保护联盟倡议的研究，S将揭示冷战时期有关生殖限制和资源稀缺的生物和政治关切对土地利用规划和人口控制的意义和影响。

This dissertation project explores unexamined aspects of the history of biological determinism in the twentieth century through a focus on postwar international conservation and its influence upon land-use planning and human population control. International post-war conservation efforts asserted a primary role suggesting a revised relationship between the biological and the social sciences. Frank Fraser Darling, Julian Huxley, Fairfield Osborn, and William Vogt claimed biology must be the arbiter of the social order if the human species is to survive. Environmental determination of a populations's optimum density meant that only biologists could judge what constituted a quantitatively and qualitatively appropriate population. These four international figures were ardent conservationists who participated in the founding of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUNC), a non-governmental organization recognized by UNESCO. A study of IUCN initiatives in the 1950's will reveal much about the significance and influence of biological and political concerns regarding reproductive limits and resource scarcity on land-use planning and population control during the Cold War.