POWRE: Development of Instrumentation for In-Situ Measurement of Bottom Shear Stress Over Moveable Beds at LEO-15

POWRE：开发用于 LEO-15 移动床上底部剪切应力原位测量的仪器

• 批准号: 9753174
• 负责人: Kelly Rankin
• 金额: $ 12.3万
• 依托单位: Stevens Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-10-01 至 2000-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9753174&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: POWRE; Development; Instrumentation; Situ; Measurement

POWRE: Development of Instrumentation for In-Situ Measurement of Bottom Shear Stress over Moveable Beds at LEO-15 The proposed effort involves the development of a multi-directional shear plate to obtain in-situ direct bottom shear stress measurements over moveable beds at the Long-term Ecosystem Observatory (LEO-15) research area located offshore of the southern coast of New Jersey in 15 m of water. These types of measurements are of critical importance to ocean scientists and engineers. Numerical models for sediment transport, for the prediction of wave transformation in shallow water, and for the circulation of water bodies on meso- and large- scales, all require as input estimates of bed shear stress. At the present time, the direct measurement of the time-average bed shear stress, EMBED Equation.2 , under complex flow regimes remains unattainable; estimates of EMBED Equation.2 used for sediment transport and wave transformation models are obtained through indirect methods. A technique for the direct measurement of the bottom shear stress over a moveable bed in the laboratory was recently developed by the Principal Investigator (Rankin, 1997). This technique offers direct, real time measurements of the bottom shear stress and does not require information about the flow characteristics in the boundary layer above the bed; it is thus well suited for complicated flow regimes. I propose to continue the development of a shear plate device for use at LEO-15. The proposed instrumentation development effort will contribute in several significant ways to our knowledge of sediment transport and oceanographic field installation, and to the nation's academic research infrastructure. The development of this device will be of value to physical oceanographers modeling sediment transport and hydrodynamic processes, to environmental engineers studying dredging techniques and mapping the fate and transport of contaminated sediments and to biological oceanographers examining the patch dynamics of benthic communities. The POWRE award would have a significant impact on the career of Dr. Rankin. As a new investigator, this award will provide an opportunity to enhance her research activities through the development of new instrumentation and access to state-of-the-art oceanographic field equipment. Through POWRE's Visiting Professor program, Dr. Rankin will be afforded the opportunity to collaborate with a nationally known team of oceanographers.

在长期生态系统观测站（LEO-15）研究区位于新泽西州南部海岸近海15米深的水中，研究人员将开发一个多向剪切板，以获取可移动床上的原位直接底部剪切应力测量数据。这些类型的测量对海洋科学家和工程师至关重要。泥沙输运的数值模式，浅水波浪变换的预测，以及中尺度和大尺度水体循环的数值模式，都需要输入河床剪应力的估计。目前，直接测量复杂流态下的时间平均床层剪应力（EMBED方程2）仍然是不可能的；用于泥沙输运和波浪变换模型的EMBED方程2的估计是通过间接方法获得的。最近，首席研究员（Rankin, 1997）在实验室开发了一种直接测量可移动床上底部剪切应力的技术。该技术提供了直接、实时的底部剪切应力测量，并且不需要关于床层上方边界层流动特性的信息；因此，它非常适合于复杂的流动形式。我建议继续开发用于LEO-15的剪切板装置。拟议的仪器开发工作将在几个重要的方面为我们对沉积物运输和海洋现场安装的了解做出贡献，并为国家的学术研究基础设施做出贡献。该装置的开发对于物理海洋学家模拟沉积物运输和水动力过程，环境工程师研究疏浚技术和绘制受污染沉积物的命运和运输，以及生物海洋学家研究底栖生物群落的斑块动态具有重要价值。POWRE奖将对兰金博士的职业生涯产生重大影响。作为一名新的研究人员，该奖项将为她提供一个机会，通过开发新的仪器和获得最先进的海洋现场设备来加强她的研究活动。通过POWRE的客座教授计划，Rankin博士将有机会与全国知名的海洋学家团队合作。