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Dissertation Research: The Distribution of a Grasshopper Species Among New England Old Fields: Population Ecology Along an Environmental Gradient

论文研究：新英格兰旧田地中蝗虫物种的分布：沿环境梯度的种群生态学

基本信息

批准号：
9801665
负责人：
Oswald Schmitz
金额：
$ 0.57万
依托单位：
Yale University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-06-15 至 1999-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9801665&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dissertation Research Distribution Grasshopper Species

项目摘要

9801665 Schmitz This proposal integrates components of population ecology and community ecology to investigate the biological and environmental factors that limit the distribution and abundance of a grasshopper species in New England old fields. This research will identify how variation in abiotic and biotic ecological factors shape the population ecology and subsequent distribution of Melanoplus femurrubrum. Field surveys demonstrated that this grasshopper is a generalist feeder that prefers grass resources that is restricted to old fields with less than 60% grass cover. Preliminary and ongoing research have indicated that competition and predation do not appear to be significant limiting factors for this species in these old fields. Based on this, two experiments will be performed. The first proposed set of experiments tests the hypothesis that bird and small mammal predators are the major limiting factors of M. femurrubrum. The second set of experiments tests the hypothesis that the distribution of this grasshopper is limited by the success of oviposition site selection and egg development. Overall, this research targets major hypotheses about the distribution of an insect of wide range and economic importance in a landscape heavily influenced by human activities, making this study relevant to basic ecology in the context of a human altered landscape.

9801665施密茨这项建议整合了种群生态学和群落生态学的组成部分，以调查限制新英格兰旧田野蝗虫物种分布和丰度的生物和环境因素。这项研究将确定非生物和生物生态因素的变化如何塑造黑斑羚的种群生态和随后的分布。实地调查表明，这种蝗虫是一种多面手食性动物，它喜欢仅限于草覆盖率低于60%的老田的草资源。初步和正在进行的研究表明，在这些古老的领域，竞争和捕食似乎不是该物种的重要限制因素。在此基础上，进行了两个实验。第一组提出的实验验证了鸟类和小型哺乳动物捕食者是股骨分枝杆菌主要限制因素的假设。第二组实验验证了这样一种假设，即这种蝗虫的分布受到产卵地点选择和卵发育成功与否的限制。总体而言，这项研究的目标是关于在受人类活动严重影响的景观中广泛分布和具有经济重要性的昆虫的主要假设，使这项研究与人类改变景观背景下的基本生态学相关。