Theoretical Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology

理论基本粒子物理学、天体物理学和宇宙学的研究将包括研究由“超对称”预测的可能的新粒子（它将物质的成分与基本力联系起来），最高能量宇宙射线的起源，构成宇宙大部分质量的暗物质的性质，以及有关自然四种基本力的兴趣问题。最近，人们的注意力集中在几种可能隐藏超对称的方法上，因为它所预测的新粒子虽然足够轻，可以在现有的加速器中产生，但却有非常微妙的特征。因此，找到方法来推断它们的存在是极其重要的。最高能量宇宙射线的特性表明，它们实际上可能是新粒子，对它们的理解可以为超对称和类星体的研究提供线索。类星体是早期宇宙中人口特别多的物体，被认为是吸积周围星系的巨大黑洞。将要进行的研究对于进一步加深我们对宇宙和基本力的理解非常重要。

Research in theoretical elementary particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology will include studies of possible new particles predicted by `supersymmetry` (which relates the constituents of matter to the basic forces), the origins of the highest energy cosmic rays, the nature of the Dark Matter which makes up most of the mass of the Universe, and problems of interest concerning the four basic forces of nature. Attention has focussed recently on several ways in which supersymmetry may be hidden from discovery because the new particles related which it predicts, although light enough to be produced in existing accelerators, have very subtle signatures. Thus it is extremely important to find ways to infer their existence. The properties of the highest energy cosmic rays suggest they may in fact be new particles, whose understanding could shed light on supersymmetry as well as quasars. Quasars are objects which were especially populous in the early universe and are thought to be enormous black holes accreting the surrounding galaxy. The studies to be undertaken are important to furthering our understanding of both the cosmos and the basic forces.