Hydrous Components in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals

[804871]许多表面上无水的矿物实际上在其结构的不同部位含有低浓度的水或氢氧化物。这些成分对宿主相性质的影响程度与其实际浓度远远不成比例，它们共同构成了地球上一个具有全球意义的氢储藏库。我们的研究方向是1)表征这些成分在天然矿物和相关合成材料中的化学形态和浓度；2)将含水成分与宿主相的其他物理和化学性质联系起来；3)探索含水成分对陆地地质系统的意义。我们从各种地质产点中选择自然存在的矿物，并用红外光谱表征其含水成分。然后，我们的样品子集将被准备用于核剖面分析，这可以确定绝对氢含量。将为地壳和地幔中发现的主要矿物群准备工作曲线。在受控的温度和压力条件下，以已知的化学成分生长的合成矿物将为研究化学成分对含水成分的影响提供标准。它们还将处理将从天然矿物获得的资料与其形成条件联系起来的目标。

9804871RossmanMany minerals which are nominally anhydrous actually contain low concentrations of water or hydroxide bound in distinct sites in their structure. These components influence the properties of the host phase toan extent that is far disproportionate to their actual concentrations, and together, constitute a globally significant reservoir of hydrogen in planet Earth. Our research program is directed at 1) characterizing the chemical form and concentrations of these components in natural minerals and related synthetic materials, 2) relating the hydrous components to other physical and chemical properties of the host phases, and 3) exploring the significance of the hydrous components to the terrestrial geologic system. We select naturally occurring minerals from a variety of geologic occurrences and characterize their hydrous components with infrared spectroscopy. A subset of our samples will then be prepared for Nuclear Profile Analysis which can determine the absolute hydrogen content. Working curves will be prepared for major groups of minerals found in both Earths crust and mantle. Synthetic minerals grown under controlled temperature and pressureconditions and with known chemical components will provide standards for examining the influence of chemical composition upon the hydrous components. They also will address the objective of relating information obtained from natural minerals to their conditions of formation.