Keystone Interactions: Salmon, Bear, and Riparian Vegetation in Riverine Corridors of the Pacific Northwest

重点相互作用：太平洋西北部河流走廊的鲑鱼、熊和河岸植被

• 批准号: 9806575
• 负责人: Robert Naiman
• 金额: $ 57.99万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-15 至 2003-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9806575&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Keystone; Interactions; Salmon; Bear; Riparian

ABSTRACT PROPOSAL # : DEB-9806575 INVESTIGATOR(S) : NAIMAN INSTITUTION: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON TITLE: Keystone Interactions: Salmon, Bear and Riparian Vegetation in Riverine Corridors of the Pacific Northwest Interactions between Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) and bear (Ursus spp.) appear to play an important role in influencing the stature and dynamics of riparian vegetation in the Pacific Northwest. Preliminary data suggest that marine-derived nutrients accumulate in riparian vegetation, and that bears may act as an important vector for moving nutrients from the stream to the riparian zone through the killing and consumption of salmon and subsequent deposition of carcasses and feces within the riparian forest. Inputs of marine-derived nutrients may enhance growth rates of riparian trees and influence the production of large woody debris, which may in turn affect structural habitat and productivity within the stream corridor. The objectives of this project are to discover the extent to which riparian vegetation acquires marine-derived nitrogen from spawning salmon; to assess the impacts of marine-derived nutrients on riparian growth and community composition; to assess the relative importance of bear activity (e.g., carcass and feces distribution) and hyporheic flow as pathways for transfer of N from stream to riparian systems; and to assess the community importance of salmon-bear interactions with regard to the growth of riparian vegetation. The principal methods used in the evaluation of these objectives are the measurement of stable isotopes (15N) and experimental manipulation of salmon carcasses and bear feces. The significance of this research lies in the discovery of how synergistic interactions between the ocean, salmon and bear can act to influence riparian forests, and how materials from those forests act to influence salmon population strength.

摘要 提案编号：DEB-9806575 经销商：NAIMAN 研究机构：华盛顿大学 关键相互作用：太平洋西北部河流沿岸的鲑鱼、熊和河岸植被 太平洋鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus spp.）和熊（Ursus spp.）似乎发挥了重要作用，在影响的高度和动态的河岸植被在太平洋西北部。初步数据表明，源自海洋的营养物质在河岸植被中积累，熊可能是一个重要的媒介，通过杀死和食用鲑鱼，随后在河岸森林中沉积尸体和粪便，将营养物质从溪流转移到河岸区。海洋来源的营养物质的输入可能会提高河岸树木的生长速度，并影响大型木质残体的生产，这反过来可能会影响河流走廊内的结构性生境和生产力。 该项目的目标是发现河岸植被从产卵的鲑鱼中获得海洋来源的氮的程度;评估海洋来源的营养物质对河岸生长和群落组成的影响;评估熊活动的相对重要性（例如，尸体和粪便分布）和hyporheic流作为途径，从流到河岸系统的N转移;并评估社区的重要性鲑鱼熊的相互作用方面的河岸植被的增长。用于评价这些目标的主要方法是测量稳定同位素（15 N）和鲑鱼尸体和熊粪便的实验操作。这项研究的意义在于发现海洋，鲑鱼和熊之间的协同作用如何影响河岸森林，以及这些森林中的物质如何影响鲑鱼种群强度。