ESH: Macroecology of Quaternary Mammal Faunas: Distributions, Heterogeneity, and Extinctions

ESH：第四纪哺乳动物区系的宏观生态学：分布、异质性和灭绝

• 批准号: 9807499
• 负责人: Russell Graham
• 金额: $ 12.89万
• 依托单位: Denver Museum of Nature and Science
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-10-01 至 2001-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9807499&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ESH; Macroecology; Quaternary; Mammal; Faunas

9807499GrahamTo confirm or refute this hypothesis, a relational database on fossil mammal sites for three Land Mammal Ages (Blancan, Irvingtonian, and Rancholabrean) from Alaska, Canada, and the U.S. will be constructed. FAUNMAP, an existing relational database for fossil mammal sites for the last 40,000 years from the contiguous 48 states of the U.S., will be updated and expanded to construct a new database. FAUNMAP II will be updated and expanded to construct a new database. FAUNMAP II will be interfaced with a Geographic Information System (GIS) with ARC/INFO to map changes in individual species distributions through time and to conduct spatial analyses. Two graduate students supervised by Principal Investigator, Dr. Graham, will review scientific literature. Graham who will travel to high-density data centers will acquire some Alaskan and Canadian data. Site visits are efficient because they provide access to local literature, and they permit consultation with primary investigators to determine the limitations and quality of data. Dr. Lundelius, Principal Investigator will travel to Denver for coordination and analysis.In the first year, new sites will be added to the existing FAUNMAP database and corrections will be made to errors previously identified. Data derived from Alaskan literature and visits will also be acquired. Second year activities will focus on data acquisition for Canada. Data will be reviewed for errors after input. Bathymetric maps and sea level curves, obtained from the NOAA Paleoclimate Database in Boulder, Colorado will facilitate construction of maps with adjusted sea levels for different periods of time. The Denver Museum of Natural History's (DMNH) GIS lab will permit mapping and quantitative measurements of distribution areas for individual species. Time intervals will be defined by three Land Mammal Ages and by ten microtine rodent biochrons. Areas of distribution will be compared by body size categories to statistically and graphically determine if large mammal species ranges were reduced through time and if there is a critical size limit at the end of the Pleistocene. These data will also be compared with surviving species as the control sample.Publications will be prepared at the conclusion of the project. FAUNMAP II will be placed on the World Wide Web. Its general structure will make it useful to biogeographers, paleontologists, mammalogists, wildlife biologists and other scientists for a wide variety of research projects. Educational programs can be developed for pre-college and college students. The database will also be useful for on-line and interactive exhibits.

9807499格雷厄姆为了证实或反驳这一假设，将建立一个关于阿拉斯加、加拿大和美国三个陆地哺乳动物时代（布兰肯、欧文顿和兰乔拉布尔）哺乳动物化石地点的关系数据库。 FAUNMAP是一个现有的关系数据库，记录了美国48个州过去40,000年来的哺乳动物化石，将进行更新和扩充，以建立一个新的数据库。 将更新和扩大《动物保护联盟地图二》，以建立一个新的数据库。 FAUNMAP II将与ARC/INFO地理信息系统连接，绘制各个物种分布随时间的变化图，并进行空间分析。 由首席研究员格雷厄姆博士监督的两名研究生将审查科学文献。 格雷厄姆将前往高密度数据中心，将获得一些阿拉斯加和加拿大的数据。 现场访问是有效的，因为它们提供了当地文献，并允许与主要研究者协商，以确定数据的局限性和质量。 主要研究员Lundelius博士将前往丹佛进行协调和分析。在第一年，新的地点将被添加到现有的FAUNMAP数据库中，并对先前发现的错误进行更正。 还将获得来自阿拉斯加文献和访问的数据。 第二年的活动将侧重于为加拿大获取数据。 输入后，将对数据进行错误审查。 从科罗拉多博尔德的海洋大气局古气候数据库获得的水深图和海平面曲线将有助于绘制不同时期的海平面调整图。 丹佛自然历史博物馆（DMNH）的地理信息系统实验室将允许对单个物种的分布区域进行绘图和定量测量。 时间间隔将由三个陆地哺乳动物年龄和十个microtine啮齿动物生物时确定。 将按体型类别比较分布区域，以统计和图形方式确定大型哺乳动物物种范围是否随时间减少，以及更新世末是否存在临界尺寸限制。 这些数据还将与作为对照样本的幸存物种进行比较，并将在项目结束时编写出版物。 第二个动物保护区地图将放在万维网上。 它的一般结构将使它有用的地理学家，古生物学家，植物学家，野生生物学家和其他科学家的各种研究项目。 可以为大学预科和大学生制定教育方案。 该数据库还将有助于在线和交互式展览。