Collaborative Research: Floral and Faunal Community responses to Late-Quaternary Climate Change

合作研究：动植物群落对晚第四纪气候变化的反应

• 批准号: 0844253
• 负责人: Russell Graham
• 金额: $ 30.1万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0844253&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Floral; Faunal; Community

Floral and Faunal Community Responses to Late-Quaternary Climate Change John Williams, Stephen Jackson, Eric Grimm and Russell Graham The PIs propose a study of the responses of species and communities to late- Quaternary environmental variations and, in particular, the environmental drivers of species turnover, community assembly and disassembly, and the formation of no-analog communities. Their research will demonstrate the power of NEOTOMA, a new community paleoecological database that reduces informatics costs and removes barriers to interdisciplinary collaboration by storing in a single database most of the major late-Neogene paleoecological databases. The proposed research will be the first-ever synoptic analyses of late-Quaternary community dynamics in North America that directly integrate fossil pollen, plant-macrofossil, and faunal records. The PIs propose improving the resolution of the NEOTOMA database by obtaining 100 new AMS radiocarbon dates for key vertebrate fossil localities, adding recent high-quality records to NEOTOMA, revising existing chronologies in NEOTOMA in light of this new data, and mapping all data for 15 time-windows covering the last 21,000 years. These time windows are more finely subdivided than the original FAUNMAP synthesis, and will permit study of species responses to the rapid climate changes of the last deglaciation. The PIs will test such hypotheses by comparing the distributions of the floral and faunal no-analog communities to each other and to the distributions of no-analog climates. They will create plant based and animal based biome maps to see whether such maps are complementary or in contradiction. The PIs will further conduct generalized dissimilarity modeling to reveal patterns of species turnover, along environmental gradients, in both space and time.

植物和动物群落对晚第四纪气候变化的响应约翰威廉姆斯，斯蒂芬杰克逊，埃里克格林和罗素格雷厄姆的PI提出了一个物种和群落对晚第四纪环境变化的响应的研究，特别是物种更替，群落组装和拆卸的环境驱动因素，以及非模拟群落的形成。他们的研究将展示NEOTOMA的力量，NEOTOMA是一个新的社区古生态数据库，通过将大多数主要的晚第三纪古生态数据库存储在一个数据库中，降低了信息学成本，消除了跨学科合作的障碍。拟议的研究将是有史以来第一次对北美晚第四纪群落动态的天气分析，直接整合化石花粉，植物宏体化石和动物群记录。研究所建议通过获取100个新的AMS放射性碳测年数据来提高NEOTOMA数据库的分辨率，为关键的脊椎动物化石地点增加最近的高质量记录，根据这些新数据修订NEOTOMA中现有的年表，并绘制涵盖过去21，000年的15个时间窗口的所有数据。这些时间窗比原始的FAUNMAP合成更精细细分，并将允许物种对最后一次冰消期的快速气候变化的反应进行研究。PI将通过比较植物群和动物群的非模拟群落的分布以及非模拟气候的分布来测试这些假设。他们将创建基于植物和动物的生物群落地图，看看这些地图是互补的还是矛盾的。PI将进一步进行广义相异性建模，以揭示物种周转模式，沿着环境梯度，在空间和时间。