The International Plant Names Index: An Internet-Accessible Authority File of Scientific Names of Seed Plants Using Distributed Object Technologies

国际植物名称索引：使用分布式对象技术的可通过互联网访问的种子植物学名权威文件

• 批准号: 9808220
• 负责人: Donald Pfister
• 金额: $ 61.59万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9808220&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Plant; Names; Index; Internet

*** The Harvard University Herbaria, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and the Australian National Herbarium have formed a consortium called the Plant Names Project (PNP), whose goal is to create and maintain a comprehensive authority file for the names of all seed plants (flowering plants and "gymnosperms"), and make this freely available on the Internet as the International Plant Names Index (IPNI). The PNP is developing the infra-structure to manage and edit data across continents, to keep these IPNI authority files continuously available and updated, and to provide transparent access to the large audience of scientists, citizens, and institutions who rely on these data. An NSF-funded pilot grant facilitated the development of a prototype Authority Data Server (ADS) system, a distributed object infrastructure implemented in Java, with current ADS nodes in Canberra (Australia), London (England), and Cambridge (U.S.A.). Under the current award, the investigators will modify and expand the pilot ADS system to include the approximately 1.4 million effectively published scientific names of seed plants now held in three separate databases at Harvard (Cambridge, Massachusetts), Kew (England), and Canberra (Australia). For historical and technological reasons, these have been available previously only in limited formats and at high cost to international users. Integration with other projects, such as the Biodiversity and Biological Collection Data Management (OZ) project at the University of Kansas, the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) of the U.S. Bio-logical Information Infrastructure CNBII), and the TROPICOS database at the Missouri Botanical Garden will increase the utility of these data sources to an expanded group of users. Finally, using subsets of data from the Harvard Type Specimen Database, Tree- BASE, and other projects, the ADS system will be used to explore and demonstrate the applicability of a distributed- objects approach for the Internet d istribution of other types of data linked to names, such as prologues, type images, GIS data, and phylogenetic trees. ***

***哈佛大学植物标本馆、皇家植物园、邱园和澳大利亚国家植物标本馆组成了一个名为植物名称项目（PNP）的联盟，其目标是为所有种子植物（开花植物和“裸子植物”）的名称创建和维护一个全面的权威文件，并将其作为国际植物名称索引（IPNI）在互联网上免费提供。PNP正在开发管理和编辑各大洲数据的基础设施，以保持这些IPNI权威文件的持续可用和更新，并向依赖这些数据的大量科学家、公民和机构提供透明的访问。一项nsf资助的试点资助促进了权威数据服务器（ADS）系统原型的开发，这是一个用Java实现的分布式对象基础设施，目前ADS节点位于堪培拉（澳大利亚）、伦敦（英国）和剑桥（美国）。根据目前的奖励，研究人员将修改和扩展试点ADS系统，以包括目前在哈佛大学（剑桥，马萨诸塞州）、邱园（英国）和堪培拉（澳大利亚）三个独立数据库中保存的大约140万有效公布的种子植物学名。由于历史和技术原因，这些资料以前只能以有限的格式提供给国际用户，而且价格高昂。与其他项目的整合，如堪萨斯大学的生物多样性和生物收集数据管理（OZ）项目、美国生物信息基础设施（CNBII）的综合分类信息系统（ITIS）和密苏里植物园的TROPICOS数据库，将增加这些数据源对扩大用户群体的效用。最后，使用来自哈佛类型标本数据库、Tree- BASE和其他项目的数据子集，ADS系统将用于探索和演示分布式对象方法在与名称相关的其他类型数据（如前言、类型图像、GIS数据和系统发育树）的互联网分布中的适用性。* * *