Chemistry of the Earth's Deep Mantle and Core

9814819 Hemley这个提议的目标是研究在相关压力和温度下深地幔和地核物质的基本化学性质，以获得关于行星内部化学成分、形成和演化的实验信息。该项目利用了高压技术的许多新发展，包括同步加速器X射线衍射，X射线光谱，红外和光学技术，以及激光加热金刚石电池方法。将用这些方法研究关键材料的基本键合性质，特别关注过渡金属氧化物在地幔和地核压力下的行为。 这将被扩展到高压-温度相变，相关系，和深地幔硅酸盐和氧化物的元素分配的研究。 将检查在非常高的压力-温度条件下挥发性组分的行为。 新技术将用于研究相关系，包括自然和模型多组分材料的熔化。最后，将研究铁和铁合金的相变、结构和相图。

9814819HemleyThe goal of this proposal is to study the fundamental chemical properties of deep mantle and core materials at the relevant pressures and temperatures in order to obtain experimental information on the chemical composition, formation, and evolution of the planet's interior. The project takes advantage of numerous new developments in high-pressure techniques, including synchrotron x-ray diffraction, x-ray spectroscopy, infrared, and optical techniques, as well as laser heating diamond-cell methods. Fundamental bonding properties of key materials will be investigated with these methods, focusing particularly on the behavior of transition-metal oxides at deep mantle and core pressures. This will be extended to high pressure-temperature studies of phase transitions, phase relations, and element partitioning of deep mantle silicates and oxides. The behavior of volatile components at very high pressure-temperature conditions will be examined. New techniques will be used to study phase relations, including melting of natural and model multicomponent materials. Finally, phase transformations, structures, and phase diagrams, of iron and iron alloys will be studied.