Earthquake Disaster Mitigation for Urban Transportation Systems: An Integrated Methodology that Builds on the Kobe and Northridge Experiences

城市交通系统的地震减灾：基于神户和北岭经验的综合方法

• 批准号: 9816193
• 负责人: Stephanie Chang
• 金额: $ 13.28万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9816193&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Earthquake; Disaster; Mitigation; Urban; Transportation

9816193 Chang This project is funded as part of the U.S./Japan Cooperative Research in urban Earthquake Disaster Mitigation activity, a U.S./Japan Common Agenda initiative. The project aims to develop a cross-cutting methodology for seismic risk assessment and management of urban transportation infrastructure systems through U.S./Japan research collaboration. The approach integrates engineering, systems analysis and economics. Three related tasks will be carried out: (1) Development of performance criteria and design of mitigation strategies, (2) modeling transportation and economic system response in earthquake disasters, and (3) economic evaluation of mitigation strategies. In Task 1, the U.S. role will consist of developing performance criteria based on transportation accessibility measures, working with Japanese counterparts on alternative criteria based, for example, on reliability engineering, and designing associated retrofit and repair strategies for evaluation in the transportation-economic model. Research in Task 2 will focus on improving and expanding upon the L.A. Highways model. This effort will emphasize modeling of earthquake damage repair and associated bottlenecks using experience data from Kobe in order to evaluate the benefits of faster network recovery. Modeling expertise will be shared with the Japanese team as they build similar models for Japan. In Task 3, U.S. and Japanese researchers will collaborate on evaluating the benefits and costs of retrofit and repair strategies, and assessing the economic implications of the performance criteria identified in Task 1. This is a joint project carried out by investigators at the University of Washington and the University of Southern California. ***

9816193常本项目是美日城市地震减灾合作研究项目的一部分，该项目是美日共同议程倡议的一部分。该项目旨在通过美国/日本的研究合作，为城市交通基础设施系统的地震风险评估和管理开发一种贯穿各领域的方法。该方法集工程学、系统分析和经济学于一体。将开展三项相关工作：(1)制定绩效标准和设计减灾战略；(2)模拟交通运输和经济系统对地震灾害的响应；(3)减灾战略的经济评价。在任务1中，美国的作用将包括根据交通可达性衡量标准制定性能标准，与日本同行合作制定替代标准，例如基于可靠性工程，并设计相关的翻新和维修战略，以便在交通经济模型中进行评估。任务2中的研究将集中在改进和扩展洛杉矶公路模型上。这项工作将侧重于使用神户的经验数据对地震破坏修复和相关瓶颈进行建模，以评估更快的网络恢复的好处。当日本团队为日本建造类似的模型时，建模专业知识将与他们分享。在任务3中，美国和日本的研究人员将合作评估改装和维修策略的好处和成本，并评估任务1中确定的性能标准的经济影响。这是华盛顿大学和南加州大学的研究人员联合开展的项目。***