Three-dimensional Modeling of Combustion and Pollution from Wildland Fires

野火燃烧和污染的三维建模

• 批准号: 9816814
• 负责人: Shankar Mahalingam
• 金额: $ 33.63万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-15 至 2000-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9816814&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Three; dimensional; Modeling; Combustion; Pollution

This research represents a joint initiative between the University of Colorado, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), and the Intermountain Fire Sciences Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service in Missoula, Montana, to significantly improve existing capabilities to model atmosphere-fire coupling as might occur during intense burning in wildland fires. Specific tasks will include: (1) Development of subgrid scale models for turbulent combustion based on a description of the flame surface area. This will enable a more accurate treatment of fluid dynamic-combustion interactions. (2) Vertically and horizontally aligned vorticity can act as means of lofting and ejecting burning material from the fire that could lead to spotting. Initially, using post-processed velocity fields from NCAR's existing atmosphere-fire model, a Lagrangian treatment of lofting, aerodynamics and settling of firebrands will be carried out. Using this, a suitable Eulerian model will be developed. (3) A simplified model to describe drying, pyrolysis, and char oxidation from a solid fuel bed will be developed, based on basic conservation principles. (4) Lastly, a simplified smoke model that will allow quantification of carbon monoxide and particulate concentrations will be developed. This is an important component that will assist with model evaluation and to test alternative smoke management scenarios.The sub-models developed will be integrated into an existing three-dimensional, mesoscale large eddy simulation that has been under development for twenty years at NCAR, with recent collaboration with the Intermountain Fire Sciences Laboratory. Recently completed and ongoing field experiments will provide observations on fires of opportunity ranging in scale from sub-meter to kilometers using a digital infrared camera. With available data these experimental results will be used as a test bed for the fully integrated model. Results are expected to assist forest management agencies to improve fire-fighting strategies and for planning prescribed burns. These advances will have a fundamental impact on the scientific community working in the areas of turbulent combustion and pollution modeling.

这项研究代表了科罗拉多大学，国家大气研究中心（NCAR）和蒙大拿州密苏拉美国农业部林务局的山间火灾科学实验室之间的联合倡议，以显着提高现有的能力来模拟可能发生在野火强烈燃烧期间的大气-火灾耦合。 具体工作包括：（1）在描述火焰表面积的基础上发展湍流燃烧的亚网格尺度模型。这将能够更准确地处理流体动力与燃烧的相互作用。(2)垂直和水平对齐的涡量可以作为从火中放样和喷射燃烧物质的手段，这可能导致斑点。 最初，使用后处理的速度场从NCAR现有的大气火灾模型，拉格朗日处理放样，空气动力学和解决的火把将进行。 利用这一点，将开发一个合适的欧拉模型。(3)一个简化的模型来描述干燥，热解，从固体燃料床和焦炭氧化将开发，基于基本的守恒原理。(4)最后，将开发一个简化的烟雾模型，以量化一氧化碳和颗粒物浓度。 这是一个重要的组成部分，将有助于模型评估和测试替代烟雾管理scenaries.The开发的子模型将被集成到现有的三维，中尺度大涡模拟，已经在NCAR开发了二十年，最近与山间火灾科学实验室合作。 最近完成和正在进行的实地实验将利用数字红外照相机对机会火灾进行观测，观测范围从亚米到千米。 利用现有数据，这些实验结果将被用作完全集成模型的测试平台。 预计结果将有助于森林管理机构改善消防战略和规划规定的烧伤。 这些进展将对湍流燃烧和污染建模领域的科学界产生根本性的影响。