Dissertation Research: Pilgrimage and Power: Temple Districts at Vijayanagara

论文研究：朝圣与权力：毗奢耶那伽罗寺庙区

• 批准号: 9817802
• 负责人: Charles Redman
• 金额: $ 0.73万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9817802&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Pilgrimage; Power; Temple

Under the direction of Dr. Charles Redman, MS Alexandra Mack will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. The goal of her work is to understand the forms of social and political organization which gave rise to early state level societies and allowed the integration of large numbers of individuals within the constraints of a relatively simple technology. To accomplish this goal she will focus on the archaeological site of Vijayanagara which is located in Karnataka, southern India. Vijayanagara was the capital of an empire which flourished from the 14th to 16th centuries AD. It was established around 1336 and although there had been settlement in the area for hundreds of years, Vijayanagara was the first city at that location. It was abandoned in 1565 after the empire was defeated in war by a confederacy of northern states and the area has remained largely depopulated. Thus, because of its relatively brief occupation and lack of confounding archaeological material, it provides a well preserved snapshot of a capital city. Relevant written documents and inscriptions provide valuable supplementary data. Vijayanagara was a pilgrimage center and has several large temple districts in addition to monumental buildings which served as the center of secular power. Based on comparative data from other regions of India, it is likely that an ongoing tension existed between the secular and religious authorities and MS Mack plans to examine the interactions among them. There are several ways to achieve this goal. First she will analyze inscriptions which list the donors to major temple complexes and thus determine the constituencies each represented. Secondly, Vijayanagara was a planned city and work both here and at other sites suggests that the basic aspects of social and political order are reflected in the arrangement of districts, buildings and roads and walls which connect and separate them. MS Mack has begun and will continue a GIS analysis of this patterning. Pilgrimages form an important component of traditional religious life and MS Mack will attempt to reconstruct the ways large numbers of pilgrims were incorporated into the religious and social life of the city. She will do this through the collection and analysis of surface ceramics, especially serving vessels, at the site since it will be possible to determine which were used for public vs. private purposes. In this way she can gain insight into spatial patterning. This work will be supplemented by study of modern day pilgrimage sites as well as archival research.This project will provide new insight into the rise and functioning of early states. It will set modern India into a broader historical context and assist in training a promising young scientist.

在Charles Redman博士的指导下，Alexandra Mack女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。她的工作目标是了解社会和政治组织的形式，这些形式产生了早期的国家级社会，并允许在相对简单的技术限制下整合大量个人。为了实现这一目标，她将专注于位于印度南部卡纳塔克邦的Vijayanagara考古遗址。Vijayanagara是一个帝国的首都，从公元14世纪到16世纪蓬勃发展。它建立于1336年左右，虽然该地区已有数百年的定居点，但Vijayanagara是该地区的第一个城市。1565年，帝国在战争中被北方邦联击败后，该地区被遗弃，人口大部分减少。因此，由于其相对短暂的占领和缺乏混乱的考古材料，它提供了一个保存完好的首都快照。有关的书面文件和铭文提供了宝贵的补充资料。维迦耶那加拉是一个朝圣中心，除了作为世俗权力中心的纪念性建筑外，还有几个大型寺庙区。根据印度其他地区的比较数据，世俗当局和宗教当局之间可能存在持续的紧张关系，麦克计划研究它们之间的互动。有几种方法可以实现这一目标。首先，她将分析列出主要寺庙建筑群捐赠者的铭文，从而确定每个代表的选区。其次，维查耶那加拉是一个有规划的城市，这里和其他地方的工作表明，社会和政治秩序的基本方面反映在地区、建筑物、道路和连接和分隔它们的墙壁的安排中。Mack女士已经开始并将继续对这种模式进行GIS分析。朝圣是传统宗教生活的重要组成部分，麦克女士将试图重建大量朝圣者融入城市宗教和社会生活的方式。她将通过收集和分析表面陶瓷，特别是服务船只，在现场，因为它将有可能确定哪些是用于公共与私人目的。通过这种方式，她可以洞察空间模式。这项工作将通过对现代朝圣地的研究以及档案研究来补充。该项目将为早期国家的兴起和运作提供新的见解。它将把现代印度置于更广阔的历史背景中，并协助培养有前途的年轻科学家。