Urban resilience to extreme weather related events

城市对极端天气相关事件的抵御能力

• 批准号: 1444755
• 负责人: Charles Redman
• 金额: $ 1199.97万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1444755&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Urban; resilience; extreme; weather; related

Abstract SES-1444755Urban areas are vulnerable to extreme weather related events given their location, high concentration of people, and increasingly complex and interdependent infrastructure. Impacts of Hurricane Katrina, Superstorm Sandy, and other disasters demonstrate not just failures in built infrastructure, they highlight the inadequacy of institutions, resources, and information systems to prepare for and respond to events of this magnitude. The highly interdisciplinary and geographically dispersed Urban Resilience to Extremes Sustainability Research Network (UREx SRN) team will develop a diverse suite of new methods and tools to assess how infrastructure can be more resilient, provide ecosystem services, improve social well being, and exploit new technologies in ways that benefit all segments of urban populations. Starting with nine network cities (six continental U.S. and three Latin American, home to over 35 million residents) and expanding in future years, the vision of the UREx SRN is to co-produce the knowledge needed to promote resilient, livable cities in a future that will look very different from today. The extreme events that this project will focus on include urban flooding, coastal storms, regional droughts, and extreme heat waves. These events are already occurring with shocking frequency in U.S. and global cities. Infrastructure is viewed as an important line of defense against hazards and disasters, yet current urban infrastructure is aging and proving inadequate for protecting city populations. The UREx team will link SRN scientists, students, local practitioners, planners, industry, NGOs, and other stakeholders across 25 institutions and 70 collaborators to co-produce data, models, images, stories, and on-the-ground projects that show how a new resilient infrastructure can be developed. Infrastructure that is flexible, adaptable, safe-to-fail, socially equitable, and ecologically based will enhance urban resilience in the face of a higher incidence of extreme events, more culturally diverse communities, and continued urbanization pressures. Ultimately, the UREx SRN will help accelerate knowledge generation and application to encourage innovative strategies towards urban sustainability. The Urban Resilience to Extremes Sustainability Research Network (UREx SRN) will develop a novel theoretical framework for integrating social, ecological, and technological system (SETS) dimensions for conceptualizing, analyzing, and supporting urban infrastructure decisions in the face of climatic uncertainty in a more holistic way. The primary research question is: how do SETS domains interact to generate vulnerability or resilience to extreme weather related events, and how can urban SETS dynamics be guided along more resilient, equitable, and sustainable trajectories? The foundation of the network is eight working groups (WG) who will work together to answer this question. Network activities include: assembling comparable datasets for the cities; doing advanced climate and hydrological modeling and downscaling; conducting comparative analyses; further developing the SETS conceptual framework; experimenting with new visualization and computation approaches for representing the data and the SETS framework; using these products in participatory modeling and scenario analysis for each city; and developing the science and practice for transitioning infrastructure to meet 21st century resilience and sustainability goals. Continual network and educational evaluation will allow realignment and adjustment of the work based on iterative assessments. The program will develop a suite of interactive educational activities spanning institutions across the network, and including local practitioners as well as university students and young professionals. Working Groups include integral educational, communications, and diversity-enhancing activities for graduate and post-doctoral fellows, early-career researchers, and city professionals aimed at developing a model for co-producing effective and robust decision-support tools and educating the next generation of scientists and practitioners to carry out this work. These programs are expected to be especially attractive to Hispanic students and practitioners due to the project's focus on understanding the increasing cultural and intellectual connections of the U.S. and Latin America.The strategic goals of the UREx SRN are to:1)Build a network of cities, institutions, and student, post-doctoral, and faculty researchers to explore resilience of cities to extreme weather related events;2)Develop novel theoretical frameworks that express a vision of sustainable, integrated urban infrastructure that is flexible, adaptable, safe-to-fail, socially equitable, and ecologically based;3)Work with practitioners and decision makers, as well as a cadre of graduate and post-doctoral fellows, to co-produce knowledge that facilitates data-driven visioning and ultimately transitions to a sustainable future for urban infrastructure and, by extension, the fabric of urban social-ecological-technological sustainability; and 4)Create a model for incorporating assessment, learning, and adjustment in response to evaluative feedback in a large, transdisciplinary, multi-institutional, multi-national research network.

摘要SES-1444755城市地区易受与极端天气相关的事件的影响，因为他们的位置，高度集中的人以及日益复杂且相互依存的基础设施。卡特里娜飓风，超级风暴桑迪和其他灾难的影响不仅表明了建筑基础设施中的失败，而且还强调了机构，资源和信息系统的不足，以准备和应对这一范围的事件。高度跨学科和地理上分散的城市韧性可持续性研究网络（UREX SRN）团队将开发各种各样的新方法和工具，以评估基础架构如何更具弹性，提供生态系统服务，改善社会福祉，并改善社会福祉，并利用各种新技术，从而使所有乌拉群岛人群的新技术受益。从九个网络城市（美国六个大陆和3个拉丁美洲，有超过3500万居民的所在地）开始，并在未来几年不断扩大，Urex SRN的愿景是共同培育所需的知识，以促进未来的韧性，可居住的城市，这将与今天看起来非常不同。该项目将重点关注的极端事件包括城市洪水，沿海风暴，区域干旱和极端热浪。在美国和全球城市，这些事件已经发生了令人震惊的频率。基础设施被视为针对危害和灾难的重要防御措施，但是目前的城市基础设施正在衰老，证明不足以保护城市人口。 UREX团队将在25个机构和70名合作者中将SRN科学家，学生，本地从业人员，计划者，行业，非政府组织以及其他利益相关者联系起来，以共同生产数据，模型，图像，故事和地面项目，以显示如何开发新的弹性基础设施。面对较高的极端事件发生，更具文化多元化的社区以及持续的城市化压力，具有灵活，适应性，安全性，社会公平和基于生态的基础设施将增强城市韧性。最终，Urex SRN将有助于加速知识的产生和应用，以鼓励创新的城市可持续性策略。城市对极端可持续性研究网络（UREX SRN）的适应能力将开发一个新颖的理论框架，用于整合社会，生态和技术系统（集合）维度，以概念化，分析和支持城市基础设施决策，以更加良好的方式在气候不确定性的情况下。主要的研究问题是：集合域如何相互作用以产生与极端天气相关事件的脆弱性或韧性，以及如何将Urban Sets Dynamics沿更弹性，公平和可持续的轨迹引导？网络的基础是八个工作组（WG），他们将共同回答这个问题。网络活动包括：组装城市的可比数据集；进行高级气候和水文建模和缩减；进行比较分析；进一步开发概念框架；尝试使用新的可视化和计算方法来表示数据和集合框架；在每个城市的参与式建模和场景分析中使用这些产品；并开发过渡基础设施以满足21世纪的弹性和可持续性目标的科学和实践。持续的网络和教育评估将允许根据迭代评估对工作进行调整和调整。该计划将开发一套跨越整个网络机构的互动教育活动，包括当地从业人员以及大学生和年轻专业人员。工作组包括针对研究生和博士后研究员，早期研究人员以及旨在开发一个模型来共同制作有效且强大的决策支持工具的模型并教育下一代科学家和实践者来执行这项工作的模型，包括为研究生和博士后研究员以及城市专业人士提供的积分教育，沟通和多样性增强活动。由于该项目的重点是了解美国和拉丁美洲的文化和智力之间的日益增加，因此预计这些计划对西班牙裔学生和从业人员特别有吸引力。UrexSRN的战略目标是：1）建立城市，机构，机构，学生，学生，博士后和教职员工研究人员的范围的范围;可持续的，综合的城市基础设施，具有灵活，适应能力，可靠的，社会上的公平且基于生态的基础构造； 3）与从业者和决策者的合作以及研究生和博士后的研究员的许多会员，以共同促进数据，以促进数据促进数据，并促进数据，并最终通过不断过渡的范围，以促进您的未来，以至于未来的构造，这些都可以使您的未来构成您的脑电图，从而使您的未来构成了您的脑电图，并促进了您的未来，这些象征不断繁殖，这些都可以使您的未来构成您的脑电图，并促进您的未来范围。社会生态技术可持续性； 4）创建一个模型，以在大型的，跨学科的，多机构的跨国研究网络中响应评估，学习和调整，以响应评估，学习和调整。

项目成果

A synthetic water distribution network model for urban resilience

城市复原力的综合配水网络模型

• DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2020.1788230
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure
• 影响因子: 5.9
• 作者: Ahmad, Nasir;Chester, Mikhail;Bondank, Emily;Arabi, Mazdak;Johnson, Nathan;Ruddell, Benjamin L.
• 通讯作者: Ruddell, Benjamin L.

Integrated assessment of urban water supply security and resilience: towards a streamlined approach

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac78f4
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: E. Krueger;T. McPhearson;S. Levin

Infrastructure autopoiesis: requisite variety to engage complexity

基础设施自创生：应对复杂性的必要多样性

• DOI: 10.1088/2634-4505/ac4b48
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability
• 作者: Chester, Mikhail V.;Allenby, Braden
• 通讯作者: Allenby, Braden

Planning Ecologically Just Cities: A Framework to Assess Ecological Injustice Hotspots for Targeted Urban Design and Planning of Nature-Based Solutions

规划生态公正的城市：评估生态不公正热点的框架，以进行有针对性的城市设计和基于自然的解决方案规划

• DOI: 10.1080/08111146.2022.2093184
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Urban Policy and Research
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Pineda-Pinto, Melissa;Frantzeskaki, Niki;Chandrabose, Manoj;Herreros-Cantis, Pablo;McPhearson, Timon;Nygaard, Christian A.;Raymond, Christopher
• 通讯作者: Raymond, Christopher

Energy burden and air conditioning adoption in New York City under a warming climate

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103465
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: Sustainable Cities and Society
• 影响因子: 11.7
• 作者: L. Ortiz;H. Gamarro;J. E. Gonzalez;T. McPhearson